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  • 101.
    Roxberg, Åsa
    Linnéuniversitetet.
    I det otänkbaras mitt2011Ingår i: BestPractice PSYKIATRI OG NEUROLOGI, Vol. 7, nr 2, s. 18-20Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
  • 102.
    Roxberg, Åsa
    Linnéuniversitetet.
    Om tröst och att trösta2010Ingår i: Michael, ISSN 1504-0658, Vol. 7, nr 2, s. 282-286Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
  • 103.
    Roxberg, Åsa
    Linnéuniversitetet.
    Vårdande och icke-vårdande tröst: Caring and non-caring consolation2005Doktorsavhandling, monografi (Övrigt vetenskapligt)
    Abstract [en]

    The aim of the thesis is, from a caring science perspective including a caring theology perspective, to illustrate the meaning of the phenomenon consolation and how consolation relates to suffering and care. Two studies were completed where staff and elderly care receivers were interviewed and a third study focused on an analysis of consolation as it is presented in the Book of Job in the Old Testament. These studies deal with carers’ experiences of consolation and consoling, elderly care receivers’ experiences of consolation, and Job’s experience of consolation. Phenomenology and hermeneutics form the basis for the methodological approach. A phenomenological-hermeneutic method, inspired by Paul Ricoeur, has been used for the text analyses. The thesis alsocovers significant aspects of poetical and religious texts. The metaphors that occur in the interview studies with the carers and the elderly are analysed in order to take care of the excess of meaning that, according to Ricoeur, can be expressed in metaphors. The result show five overall meanings: The contradictory consolation, The bonding consolation, The mute and rigid consolation, The uncontrolled consolation and The restful consolation. A caring consolation is contradictory in the sense that it entails that the sufferer on the one hand passes on his or her suffering to someone else and on the other hand that the suffering can be returned to be suffered. Consolation can thus entail suffering. The bonding consolation is present, i.e. is with the sufferer and is based on that person’s suffering. This consolation is characterised by a close fellowship, a feeling of being understood at a deeper level. The results also reveal a consolation that is mute and rigid. This consolation does not respond to the sufferer’s experience of his or her suffering, is shapeless and therefore unable to follow the suffering. An example of a mute, rigid and non-caring consolation is the consolation of the friends in the Book of Job. This consolation is not capable of consoling because it does not correspond to where Job is, i.e. in his experience of his suffering. A caring consolation is also uncontrolled because it is on the one hand spontaneous and on the other hand helps the sufferer to lose control over the suffering. To lose control entails, amongst other things, the sufferer giving up trying to understand suffering and instead lets that which is incomprehensible be incomprehensible. A consoling and health-bringing rest in or from the struggle with suffering presents itself by giving up what in various ways is tied to the suffering. The result as a whole is interpreted from a caring science perspective with the following important concepts: caring relationship, faith, health and sacrifice. Consolation as health is considered on the basis of a theoretical model inspired by Katie Eriksson’s ontological health model. The research is also illustrated from a philosophical-ethical perspective, mainly based on the work of Emmanuel Levinas.

  • 104.
    Roxberg, Åsa
    et al.
    Linnéuniversitetet.
    Dahlberg, Karin
    Linnéuniversitetet.
    Stolt, Carl-Magnus
    Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden .
    Fridlund, Bengt
    Linnéuniversitetet.
    In the midst of the unthinkable: A phenomenological lifeworld approach to the experiences of suffering and relieved suffering during the tsunami catastrophe, 20042009Ingår i: International Journal of Qualitative Studies on Health and Well-being, ISSN 1748-2623, E-ISSN 1748-2631, Vol. 4, nr 1, s. 17-27Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    The aim of this study was to highlight the instantaneous experience of suffering and relieved suffering that was presented on the Swedish Television (SVT) by those who experienced the tsunami wave in Thailand, 26 December 2004. The selected TV-interviews were watched, transcribed and conducted with an empirical phenomenological analysis. A phenomenological lifeworld approach, inspired by the French philosopher Maurice Merleau-Ponty, was chosen for the theoretical framework. The findings showed three main features: the motion, the stillness and the shift in perspective. The motion comprised both the motion of the wave and the motion it caused the victims in terms of external as well as internal disorder. When the tsunami waves withdrew, it was followed by stillness. The feeling of being unreal was prominent, triggered by lack of information and endless waiting. Another prominent feature was the victims' incapacity to answer "how long" they had suffered before being rescued. The tsunami catastrophe seemed to be a timeless event. Caring for other victims meant a shift in perspective in one's own devastated world to that of another person. The shift between focus and comprehension, contributed to the making of life-saving decisions, for the victims themselves and for other victims. The findings were mainly reflected on from the perspective of the French philosopher Maurice Merleau-Ponty, for example the experience of time as an embedded and lived now. It was also reflected on from the perspective of the German philosopher Karl Jaspers as a limit-experience and as a fulfilment of love. A suggestion for further research is to investigate how suffering and relieved suffering is experienced and encountered when further time has passed. Key words: Tsunami, catastrophe, suffering, relieved suffering, care, phenomenology, lifeworld

  • 105.
    Rubensson, Jeanette
    Mälardalens universitet, Akademin för hälsa, vård och välfärd, Hälsa och välfärd.
    ATT VÅRDA GRAVIDA MED PSYKISK OHÄLSA INOM MÖDRAVÅRDEN: En kvalitativ enkätundersökning om barnmorskors erfarenheter2022Självständigt arbete på avancerad nivå (magisterexamen), 10 poäng / 15 hpStudentuppsats (Examensarbete)
    Abstract [sv]

    Bakgrund: Psykisk ohälsa av varierande allvarlighetsgrad under graviditet ökar. Psykisk

    ohälsa under graviditet medför bland annat ökad risk för nedsatt anknytning till barnet och

    tillväxthämningar hos barnet. Barnmorskor är den profession som ansvarar för

    graviditetskontroller och har därmed ett ansvar att upptäcka tecken på psykisk ohälsa under

    graviditet. Syfte: Att beskriva barnmorskors erfarenheter av att vårda gravida med psykisk

    ohälsa inom mödravården. Metod: Webbaserad enkätundersökning, analyserad med

    kvalitativt manifest innehållsanalys med induktiv ansats. Resultat: Förutsättningar och

    möjlighet att vårda innebar att barnmorskorna hade ett förtroendeingivande och

    professionellt förhållningssätt som en del av att ha en stödjande och professionell roll samt

    att ha tillgång till team och resurser för remittering och samarbete/samverkan vid behov.

    Resultatet visade även på utmaningar och hindra som tidsbrist, kunskapsbrist som

    skedde i att inte räcka till samt att sakna stöd och resurser där det förekom en brist påeller

    bristande resurser och samarbete/samverkan. Slutsats: Att barnmorskor har tillgång

    till tid, kunskap, teamarbete och samverkan är nödvändigt för att identifiera och bemöta

    behov av stöd och insatser vid psykisk ohälsa under graviditet.

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  • 106. Sandgren, Maria
    Voice, soma, and psyche: A qualitative and quantitative study of opera singers2002Ingår i: Medical problems of performing artists, ISSN 0885-1158, E-ISSN 1938-2766, Vol. 17, nr 1, s. 11-21Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    Specific problems in the professional life of opera singers were examined in an exploratory study with both a qualitative and quantitative approach. Semi-structured interviews involved 15 opera singers who were asked to report problems related to their professional work, coping strategies, motivational factors, and, particularly, strongly emotional singing experiences. Psychological problems were most frequent: the opera singers' preoccupation with the risk of vocal indisposition, i.e., not being able to sing and worry about others' opinions about their performance. A specific habit of singers involved testing the voice (vocalizing) regularly to prove its quality and mere existence. Concern with physical problems centered on respiratory tract symptoms that could cause vocal indisposition. Psychosocial problems concerned mostly difficulties in maintaining a family life due to travel and irregular working hours. A questionnaire was designed to collect qualitative data and sent to 36 permanently employed and 36 freelance opera singers. Response rate was 67%. Differences regarding singers' ages, genders, and occupational situations were examined. Significant positive correlations were found between worry about others' opinions and a number of variables: somatic problems, testing the voice, depression, and performance anxiety.

  • 107.
    Schmützer, Sofia
    Mälardalens högskola, Akademin för hälsa, vård och välfärd, Hälsa och välfärd.
    Sjuksköterskors och undersköterskors hälsa och livskvalité2015Självständigt arbete på grundnivå (kandidatexamen), 10 poäng / 15 hpStudentuppsats (Examensarbete)
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  • 108.
    Schultes, Maria
    et al.
    Mälardalens högskola, Akademin för hälsa, vård och välfärd.
    Raduinea, Lorena
    Mälardalens högskola, Akademin för hälsa, vård och välfärd.
    Vikten av munvård: En litteraturöversikt ur ett omvårdnadsperspektiv.2021Självständigt arbete på grundnivå (kandidatexamen), 10 poäng / 15 hpStudentuppsats (Examensarbete)
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  • 109.
    Schölin Bywall, Karin
    et al.
    Mälardalens universitet, Akademin för hälsa, vård och välfärd, Hälsa och välfärd. Centre for Research Ethics and Bioethics, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
    Holte, Jan
    Carl Von Linnékliniken, Uppsala Science Park, Uppsala, Sweden.
    Brodin, Thomas
    Carl Von Linnékliniken, Uppsala Science Park, Uppsala, Sweden.
    Hansson, Mats
    Centre for Research Ethics and Bioethics, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
    Drevin, Jennifer
    Centre for Research Ethics and Bioethics, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
    Would you consider donating your left-over embryos to treat Parkinson’s disease?: Interviews with individuals that underwent IVF in Sweden2022Ingår i: BMC Medical Ethics, ISSN 1472-6939, E-ISSN 1472-6939, Vol. 23, nr 1, artikel-id 124Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    BackgroundParkinson’s disease (PD) has been considered to be one of the most promising target diseases for forthcoming cell-based therapy. The aim of this study is to explore the views of individuals with cryopreserved embryos on using human embryonic stem cells for treating PD.

    MethodsThe study was performed as a qualitative, semi-structured interview study in June–October 2020. Participants were recruited at a private fertility clinic located in one of the larger Swedish cities. The clinic provides both publicly financed and privately financed IVF-treatments. All interviews were performed by telephone and analyzed using thematic content analysis. Five main categories emerged from 27 sub-categories.

    ResultsIn total, 18 interviews were performed with 22 individuals, as either a couple (n = 16) or separately (n = 6). Participants had different views on what a cryopreserved embryo is. Some participants addressed cryopreserved embryos as ‘a lump of cells’, and some in terms of their ‘unborn child’. Conditions for donation of cryopreserved embryos for cell-based treatment in PD were: not losing control of what is happening to the embryo, that donating must be voluntary and based on informed consent with time for reflection, that reimbursement, equality and transparency.

    ConclusionsUsing cryopreserved embryos to treat PD is associated with fundamental ethical and practical issues. This study shows that IVF couples with left-over embryos may be supportive but there is a need for future research to assess people’s views on using cryopreserved embryos for cell-based treatment in PD on a more aggregated level.

  • 110.
    Singer, Donald R. J.
    et al.
    11 Chandos St, London W1G 9EB, England.
    Redekop, Kenneth W.
    Erasmus Univ, Inst Med Technol Assessment, Hlth Policy & Technol, Burgemeester Oudlaan 50-J537, NL-3062 PA Rotterdam, Netherlands.
    What is ahead for health policy and technology in the 2020s?2020Ingår i: Health Policy and Technology, ISSN 2211-8837, E-ISSN 2211-8845, Vol. 9, nr 1, s. 3-4Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
  • 111.
    Sović, J.
    et al.
    University of Zagreb, Croatia.
    Šegović, S.
    University of Zagreb, Croatia.
    Tomašić, Ivan
    Mälardalens högskola, Akademin för innovation, design och teknik, Inbyggda system.
    Pavelić, B.
    University of Zagreb, Croatia.
    Šutej, I.
    University of Zagreb, Croatia.
    Anić, I.
    University of Zagreb, Croatia.
    Antibiotic administration along with endodontic therapy in the republic of Croatia: A pilot study2020Ingår i: Acta Stomatologica Croatica, ISSN 0001-7019, E-ISSN 1846-0410, Vol. 54, nr 3, s. 314-321Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    Objective: To evaluate the type and the frequency of antibiotic prescribing along with endodontic therapy in Croatia. The aim is, also, to assess the attitudes of Croatian doctors towards endodontic treatment of patients at risk of developing bacterial endocarditis. Material and methods: Data were collected by a survey questionnaire. Results: 8.4% of the examined practitioners stated that they prescribe antibiotics often, and 91.6% of them stated that they prescribed them never/ very rarely/rarely. Most of them (41%) prescribe antibiotics once or twice a month, 32.5% once or twice in several months and 20.5% once or twice a week. The most commonly used antibiotic was penicillin with clavulanic acid. Also, 26.2% of examined practitioners prescribed antibiotics for gangrene pulp, 51.2% of them for localized acute apical periodontitis without swelling, 85% of them for cellulitis, 75% of them for fever and enlarged lymph nodes, 16.9% of them for tooth with fistula and 94.1% of them for prophylaxis of infectious endocarditis. According to the results of study, 54.4% of dental practitioners did not prescribe antibiotics without intervention on susceptible tooth; 76% of participants often/almost always/ always accepted endodontic treatment of patients requiring antibiotic prophylaxis to prevent infectious endocarditis, and 96.7% of participants indicated they were familiar with recent instructions for antibiotic prophylaxis. Conclusion: These findings point to inappropriate use of antibiotics in the practice of 83 dental practitioners questioned regarding the frequency of administration and indications. The most commonly used antibiotic was penicillin with clavulanic acid. A high percentage of surveyed practitioners stated that they were familiar with recent instructions for antibiotic prophylaxis. They also stated that they performed endodontic procedures on patients who were at risk of bacterial endocarditis. There is a noticeable need for targeted continuing education of dental practitioners in the Republic of Croatia. 

  • 112.
    Stenegård, Daniel
    Mälardalens högskola, Akademin för hälsa, vård och välfärd.
    PATIENTERS UPPLEVELSER AV MULTIMODAL REHABILITERING VID LÅNGVARIGA SMÄRTA: En metasyntes2016Självständigt arbete på avancerad nivå (magisterexamen), 10 poäng / 15 hpStudentuppsats (Examensarbete)
    Abstract [sv]

    Bakgrund: Multimodal rehabilitering (MMR) är en rehabiliteringsmetod som innebär en kombination av fysisk aktivitet/ träning, fysikaliska metoder och psykologiska insatser.  Rehabiliteringsmetoden MMR har utvecklats för att behandla patienter med komplexa och stora rehabiliteringsbehov såsom patienter med långvarig smärta.

    Syfte: Att genom en metasyntes analysera resultat från kvalitativa artiklar som handlar om patienters olika upplevelser av att ha deltagit i multimodala rehabiliteringsprogram för långvarig smärta. Vidare var syftet att analysera resultatet utifrån förändringsprocesser i den transteoretiska modellen.

    Metod: Databassökningar utfördes i PubMed, Discovery och PEDro. En kvalitativ innehållsanalys användes för att identifiera meningsbärande enheter, kodning och identifiering av centrala teman.

    Resultat: Deltagarna i studierna upplevde att de genomgick en beteendeförändring i form av bättre självbild, självförtroende och smärthantering.

    Slutsats: Med MMR-programmet upplevde patienterna den bekräftelse som de sedan länge saknat. De möttes med respekt och empati och en förklaringsmodell till deras problem. Metasyntesen kan ses som en vägledning i sättet att bemöta patienter med långvarig smärta i liknande situationer. Studien ger även motiv för att använda den transteoretiska modellen på patienter med långvarig smärta inom multimodal rehabilitering.

     Nyckelord: kvalitativ forskning, långvarig smärta, metasyntes, multimodal rehabilitering, patienters upplevelser och transteoretiska modellen.

     

     

     

     

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  • 113.
    Svedberg, Petra
    et al.
    Halmstad University, Halmstad, Sweden.
    Johansson, Ingela
    Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.
    Persson, Sylvi
    Linnéuniversitetet.
    Roxberg, Åsa
    Linnéuniversitetet.
    Fridlund, Bengt
    Linnéuniversitetet.
    Baigi, Amir
    Halland County Council, Falkenberg, Sweden.
    Brunt, David
    Linnéuniversitetet.
    Alm Roijer, Carin
    County Hospital Ryhov, Jönköping, Sweden.
    Malm, Dan
    County Hospital Ryhov, Jönköping, Sweden.
    Rask, Mikael
    Linnéuniversitetet.
    Nilsson, Ulrica
    Örebro University, Sweden .
    Psychometric evaluation of “The 25-item Sex after MI Knowledge Test” in a Swedish context :2012Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences, ISSN 0283-9318, E-ISSN 1471-6712, Vol. 26, nr 1, s. 203-208Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    The patients' sexual life after a myocardial infarction is important for his/her quality of life. In spite of this, many patients are in doubt regarding their sex life after a myocardial infarction (MI) and the sexual information received, and counselling from health care providers has been seen to be insufficient. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the psychometric properties of 'The 25-item Sex after MI Knowledge Test' in a Swedish context. A convenience sample was recruited. The scale was translated into Swedish and completed by 79 former patients from The Heart and Lung Patients' National Association on two occasions, with an interval of 2 weeks. The scale was tested for face and content validity, internal consistency and test-retest reliability. The result in this study indicates that the instrument has good face and content validity and displayed a moderate internal consistency (alpha 0.61). The instrument showed some level of instability in test-retest reliability with 60% of the items presenting moderate or strong agreement between the test and retest. Further studies that use this instrument in larger and more diverse samples are thus needed.

  • 114.
    Swall, Anna
    et al.
    Högskolan Dalarna.
    Williams, Christine
    Florida Atlantic Univeristy, USA.
    Hammar Marmstål, Lena
    School of Education, Health and Society, Falun. .
    THE VALUE OF US: EXPRESSIONS OF TOGETHERNESS IN COUPLES WHERE ONE SPOUSE HAS DEMENTIA2019Ingår i: International Journal of Older People Nursing, ISSN 1748-3735, E-ISSN 1748-3743, Vol. 3, nr suppl 1, artikel-id S660.Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    BACKGROUND:

    Living with dementia involves both illness and health, and self-care and care from others. As most persons with dementia live in their own homes, dementia affects not only the person with the disease, but also family, commonly the partner. Research shows that spousal carers feel as though they are losing their partners since they can no longer share thoughts, feelings and experiences as a couple.

    AIM:

    The aim of the study was to describe the sense of togetherness of the spouses when one spouse has dementia.

    METHOD:

    The sample consists of 18 recorded conversations between 15 persons with dementia and their spouses. The filmed conversations were transcribed verbatim and then analysed using qualitative content analysis.

    FINDINGS:

    One overarching theme arose: Dementia preserved and challenged the value of "us." It can be challenging for a couple in which one partner has dementia to preserve a sense of togetherness and to have the relationship they wish for.

    CONCLUSION:

    Based on our results, we suggest that practitioners should help couples to strengthen their bond as a couple so as to maintain a sense of well-being. Future studies should examine couplehood under differing conditions, such as long- versus short-term relationships. Prior relationship quality may also be a factor that influences the sense of couplehood following a serious health challenge, such as dementia.

    IMPLICATION FOR PRACTICE:

    When spouses were able to live together, their relationship was enriched at many levels. Their love for each other strengthened them as a unit - as an "us" - where togetherness seemed to be strong. Future studies need to examine whether the sense of couplehood varies depending on the length of the relationship (i.e., a relationship of many years or a relatively new relationship)

  • 115.
    Tegler, Helena
    Uppsala universitet, Livsstil och rehabilitering vid långvarig sjukdom.
    Social Interaction Involving Non-speaking Children with Severe Cerebral Palsy and Intellectual Disability: The role of communication partners and speech-generating devices2020Doktorsavhandling, sammanläggning (Övrigt vetenskapligt)
    Abstract [en]

    The overall aim of this thesis was to investigate the use of speech-generating device (SGD)-mediated interaction with children with anarthria, severe physical impairments and intellectual disabilities due to cerebral palsy with a focus on partner strategies and social practices.

    Studies I and II were cross-sectional studies that used questionnaires, which were analyzed using descriptive statistics and directed content analysis. In Study I, speech and language pathologists’ (SLPs) practices and perceptions of communication partner training in SGD-mediated interaction were examined. In Study II, communication partners’ (i.e., caregivers’, teachers’, and assistants’) practices and perceptions of communication partner training in SGD-mediated interaction were examined.

    Studies III and IV were qualitative observational studies that used video recordings, which were analyzed with ethnomethodological conversation analysis. Study III investigated how multiparty classroom interaction was organized when one of the students used an eye-gaze accessed SGD. Study IV explored the social actions that mobilized SGD-mediated responses when the child was a beginner user of the eye-gaze accessed SGD.

    The findings suggest the following: all participants (i.e., SLPs, caregivers, teachers, and assistants) considered that SGD-mediated interaction was beneficial for the children. SLPs were important providers but they provided few training sessions and used mostly verbal instructions. Communication partners could benefit from more support from SLPs and SLPs should consider using additional instructional approaches such as feedback and role-play when coaching communication partners in SGD-mediated interaction. Children could interact with their eye-gaze accessed SGDs in multiparty classroom interactions provided that the turn-taking in Initiation-Response-Evaluation (IRE) sequences was applied and that the teacher or the assistant provided contingent on-screen gaze and deictic scaffolding actions. Communication partners to children who were beginner users of an eye-gaze accessed SGD may need to produce repeated turn transition relevance places and use contingent on-screen gaze and deictic practices to scaffold an SGD-mediated response.

    This thesis brings new knowledge to the field of SGD-mediated interaction. Partner strategies that can enhance children’s linguistic skills were seldom used in multiparty classroom interaction, but other social practices were used, which facilitated social inclusion and participation.

  • 116.
    Torres, Sandra
    Uppsala University, Sweden.
    A culturally-relevant theoretical framework for the study of successful aging1999Ingår i: Ageing and society, ISSN 0144-686X, Vol. 19, nr 1, s. 33-51Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    In spite of the many studies conducted over the past decades, the field of inquiry known as cross-cultural gerontology remains atheoretical. This is because of its shortcomings in generating culturally-relevant theoretical frameworks of its own. In this article, I address this failure and adapt Kluckhohn's model of value orientations for use in the study of ageing-related concepts. I discuss possible applications of the adapted model and, in particular, its application to one of the most frequently debated concepts in gerontology, successful ageing. In the light of this discussion, I conclude that the culturally-relevant theoretical framework hereby proposed could lead to the rectification of the current atheoretical predicament of cross-cultural gerontology.

  • 117.
    Torres, Sandra
    Mälardalens högskola, Institutionen för samhälls- och beteendevetenskap.
    A postmodern ethnogerontology: why not?...what for?2000Ingår i: Contemporary Gerontology, ISSN 1069-0840, Vol. 6, nr 4, s. 114-117Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
  • 118.
    Torres, Sandra
    Mälardalens högskola, Institutionen för samhälls- och beteendevetenskap.
    Culture, migration, inequality and 'periphery' in a globalized world: Challenges for the study of ethno- and anthropo-gerontology2006Ingår i: Aging, globalization and inequality: The new critical gerontology, Baywood, Amityville, NY , 2006Kapitel i bok, del av antologi (Refereegranskat)
  • 119.
    Torres, Sandra
    Mälardalens högskola, Institutionen för samhälls- och beteendevetenskap.
    Postmoderne etnogerontologi: hvorfor ikke?2001Ingår i: Aldring og Eldre, ISSN 0801-9991, Vol. 18, nr 3, s. 12-15Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
  • 120.
    Touhy, Theris
    et al.
    Florida Atlantic Univ, Christine E Lynn Coll Nursing, Boca Raton, FL 33431 USA.
    Kydd, Angela
    Univ W Scotland.
    Fagerberg, Ingegerd
    Ersta Skondal Univ Coll.
    Engström, Gabriella
    Mälardalens högskola, Akademin för hälsa, vård och välfärd.
    International Collaboration in Gerontological Nursing2011Ingår i: Journal of Gerontological Nursing, ISSN 0098-9134, Vol. 37, nr 3, s. 3-4Artikel i tidskrift (Övrigt vetenskapligt)
  • 121.
    Travina Eriksson, Nadezda
    Mälardalens högskola, Akademin för hälsa, vård och välfärd.
    Välsignat utanförskap: Alternativ för de avvikande:kloster2012Självständigt arbete på avancerad nivå (magisterexamen), 10 poäng / 15 hpStudentuppsats (Examensarbete)
    Abstract [sv]

    Studien riktar sig mot upplevelser av hälsa och vårdande i klostermiljö i nutidens Sverige. Hermeneutisk tolkning av texter baserade på 6 intervju med människor som upplever psykiskt lidande visar att verklighet som de möter på kloster kan beskrivas med hjälp av ordpar som förenar motsägelsefulla, ibland paradoxala aspekter som Yttre lugn/Inre intensitet; Andlig/Kroppslig arbete; Ramar/Frihet; Tystnad/ Samtalskvalité; Kultur/Natur; Relationer/Avskildhet; Trygghet/Respekt; Bekräftelse/Krav; Tro/Sökande; Gemensamma/Personliga berättelsen. Även Närvaro av det Osynliga konstateras i beskrivningar av kloster. Vid tolkning med hjälp av tradition – vårdvetenskapliga teorier och studier – konstateras det att kloster uppfyller de flesta kriterier för vetenskaplig baserad vårdinrättning och människor som vistas där skiljer sig inte markant från vetenskapens bild av psykiatriska patienter. På en högre abstraktions nivå framkommer det även strukturella likheter av kloster som fenomen ursprungligen placerad mellan himlen och jord och en psykiskt lidande människa som finner sig låst i motsägelsefull förbindelse mellan den gemensamma verkligheten som bekräftas av andra och den personliga verkligheten som är i högsta grad verklig för henne själv men förkastas och sjukförklaras av andra. Studiens slutsats betonar att bekräftelse av psykiskt lidande människors avvikande verklighetsuppfattning har en vårdande verkan och därför förtjänar mer plats i den moderna vården samt i vårdvetenskapligt forskning.

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  • 122.
    Tuvemo Johnson, Susanna
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
    Martin, Catrin
    Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
    Anens, Elisabeth
    Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
    Johansson, Ann-Christin
    Mälardalens högskola, Akademin för hälsa, vård och välfärd, Hälsa och välfärd. Centrum för klinisk forskning LTV.
    Hellström, Karin
    Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
    Older Adults’ Opinions on Fall Prevention in Relation to Physical Activity Level2018Ingår i: Journal of Applied Gerontology, ISSN 0733-4648, E-ISSN 1552-4523, Vol. 37, nr 1, s. 53-78Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    The purpose of this study was to explore and describe older adults’opinions regarding actions to prevent falls and to analyze differences in theopinions of highly versus less physically active older adults. An open-endedquestion was answered by 262 individuals aged 75 to 98 years living in thecommunity. The answers were analyzed using qualitative content analysis,and differences in the categories were compared between highly and lessphysically active persons. Physical activity was measured according to afive-level scale. The content analysis resulted in eight categories: assistivedevices, avoiding hazards, behavioral adaptive strategies, being physicallyactive, healthy lifestyle, indoor modifications, outdoor modifications, andseeking assistance. Behavioral adaptive strategies were mentioned to agreater extent by highly active people, and indoor modifications were moreoften mentioned by less active older adults. Support for active self-directedbehavioral strategies might be important for fall prevention among lessphysically active older adults.

  • 123.
    Unevik, Erik
    et al.
    Hovshaga Health Care Centre, Växjö, Sweden.
    Wickford, Jenny
    Mälardalens högskola, Akademin för hälsa, vård och välfärd.
    Melander-Wikman, Anita
    Luleå University of Technology.
    A self-reflective account of experiences and reactions as a Swedish physiotherapy student in India.2012Ingår i: Reflective Practice, ISSN 1462-3943, E-ISSN 1470-1103, Vol. 13, nr 5, s. 663-677Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
  • 124.
    Velandia, Marianne
    et al.
    Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Matthisen, A.S.
    Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Uvnäs-Moberg, K.
    Swedish Univ Agr Sci, Dept Anim Environm & Hlth, Skara, Sweden.
    Nissen, E.
    Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Onset of vocal interaction between parents and newborns in skin-to-skin contact immediately after elective cesarean section2010Ingår i: Birth Issues, ISSN 1038-023X, Vol. 7, nr 3, s. 192-201Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    BACKGROUND:

    Cesarean section is associated with delayed mother-infant interaction because neither the mother nor the father routinely maintains skin-to-skin contact with the infant after birth. The aim of the study was to explore and compare parent-newborn vocal interaction when the infant is placed in skin-to-skin contact either with the mother or the father immediately after a planned cesarean section.

    METHODS:

    A total of 37 healthy infants born to primiparas were randomized to 30 minutes of skin-to-skin contact either with fathers or mothers after an initial 5 minutes of skin-to-skin contact with the mothers after birth. The newborns' and parents' vocal interaction were recorded on a videotape and audiotape. The following variables were explored: newborns' and parents' soliciting, newborns' crying and whining, and parental speech directed to the other parent and to the newborn.

    RESULTS:

    Newborns' soliciting increased over time (p=0.032). Both fathers and mothers in skin-to-skin contact communicated more vocally with the newborn than did fathers (p=0.003) and mothers (p=0.009) without skin-to-skin contact. Fathers in skin-to-skin contact also communicated more with the mother (p=0.046) and performed more soliciting responses than the control fathers (p=0.010). Infants in skin-to-skin contact with their fathers cried significantly less than those in skin-to-skin contact with their mothers (p=0.002) and shifted to a relaxed state earlier than in skin-to-skin contact with mothers (p=0.029).

    CONCLUSIONS:

    Skin-to-skin contact between infants and parents immediately after planned cesarean section promotes vocal interaction. When placed in skin-to-skin contact and exposed to the parents' speech, the infants initiated communication with soliciting calls with the parents within approximately 15 minutes after birth. These findings give reason to encourage parents to keep the newborn in skin-to-skin contact after cesarean section, to support the early onset of the first vocal communication.

  • 125. Viljonen, C.T.
    et al.
    Kirsten, T.G.J.
    Haglund, B.J.A.
    Tillgren, Per
    Mälardalens högskola, Institutionen för vård- och folkhälsovetenskap.
    Towards the Development of Indicators for Health Promoting Schools.2006Ingår i: The Health Promoting School: International Advances in Theory, Evaluation and Practice., Danmarks Pedagogiske Universtitets Forlag, Copenhagen. , 2006, s. 75-86Kapitel i bok, del av antologi (Övrigt vetenskapligt)
  • 126.
    von Heideken Wågert, Petra
    Mälardalens högskola, Akademin för hälsa, vård och välfärd, Hälsa och välfärd.
    Editorial2014Ingår i: European Journal of Physiotherapy, ISSN 2167-9169, E-ISSN 2167-9177, Vol. 16, nr 4, s. 193-193Artikel i tidskrift (Övrigt vetenskapligt)
  • 127.
    von Heideken Wågert, Petra
    et al.
    Mälardalens högskola, Akademin för hälsa, vård och välfärd, Hälsa och välfärd.
    Söderlund, Anne
    Mälardalens högskola, Akademin för hälsa, vård och välfärd, Hälsa och välfärd.
    Beteendeförändring hos individ och i organisation2012Ingår i: Äldres hälsa: Ett sjukgymnastiskt perspektiv / [ed] Elisabeth Rydwik, Lund: Studentlitteratur AB, 2012, s. 63-77Kapitel i bok, del av antologi (Övrig (populärvetenskap, debatt, mm))
  • 128.
    Wamala, Sarah
    Mälardalens högskola, Akademin för hälsa, vård och välfärd, Hälsa och välfärd.
    1177-affären är ett symtom på avsaknad av nationell styrning2021Ingår i: Dagens medicin, ISSN 1104-7488, Vol. 5, nr 3 feb, s. 22-22Artikel i tidskrift (Övrig (populärvetenskap, debatt, mm))
  • 129.
    Wamala, Sarah
    Mälardalens högskola, Akademin för hälsa, vård och välfärd, Hälsa och välfärd.
    Professionalisera införandet av ny hälso- och välfärdsteknik2020Ingår i: Dagens medicin, ISSN 1104-7488, nr 25 Mars 2020Artikel i tidskrift (Övrig (populärvetenskap, debatt, mm))
  • 130.
    Wamala, Sarah
    et al.
    Mälardalens högskola, Akademin för hälsa, vård och välfärd, Hälsa och välfärd.
    Letterstål, Anna
    Mälardalens högskola, Akademin för hälsa, vård och välfärd, Hälsa och välfärd.
    Stier, Jonas
    Mälardalens högskola, Akademin för hälsa, vård och välfärd, Hälsa och välfärd.
    von Heideken Wågert, Petra
    Mälardalens högskola, Akademin för hälsa, vård och välfärd, Hälsa och välfärd.
    Så motverkas ofrivillig ensamhet2020Ingår i: Dagens ArenaArtikel i tidskrift (Övrig (populärvetenskap, debatt, mm))
    Abstract [sv]

    Ofrivillig ensamhet och social isolering är ett allvarligt folkhälsoproblem och bör hanteras med forskningsbaserade åtgärder. Det menar experter från Mälardalens högskola och ger konkreta förslag på vad som bör göras. 

  • 131.
    Wamala, Sarah
    et al.
    Mälardalens högskola, Akademin för hälsa, vård och välfärd, Hälsa och välfärd.
    Magnusson, Johan
    Göteborgs universitet, Sweden.
    Det behövs ett omtag kring AI-baserad medicinteknik2021Ingår i: Dagens medicin, ISSN 1104-7488, Vol. 23-24, nr 9 jun, s. 23-23Artikel i tidskrift (Övrig (populärvetenskap, debatt, mm))
  • 132.
    Wangberg, Silje C
    et al.
    Høgskolen i Narvik, Norway.
    Lejon, R M
    Eriksen, Trond
    Nebb, Ann-Heidi
    Wiklund Gustin, Lena
    Mälardalens högskola, Akademin för hälsa, vård och välfärd, Hälsa och välfärd.
    Løvold, M
    Wackers, Ger
    Aagaard, M
    Utprøving av Klient- og Resultatstyrt praksis (KOR) i tverrfaglig spesialisert rusbehandling på døgninstitusjon ved Nordlandsklinikken2015Rapport (Övrigt vetenskapligt)
    Abstract [no]

    Psykoterapiforskning viser at mesteparten av det som spiller en rolle for bedring fra psykiske lidelser foregår i klientens hverdagsliv og i relasjonen til terapeuten. ”Partners for change outcome management system” (PCOMS; https://heartandsoulofchange.com/norway.php) er utviklet med henblikk på å få fatt i og å jobbe med disse to faktorene. I praksis gjør man dette ved utgangspunkt i to spørreskjema som på norsk kalles for Klient- og resultatstyrt praksis (KOR). KOR er vesentlig forskjellig fra andre evidensbaserte tiltak ved at det kan anvendes på tvers av diagnostiske grupper og metoder.

    Bruk av KOR i polikliniske settinger viser gode effekter. Ingen har derimot undersøkt hvorvidt KOR også kan egne seg i en rusdøgnbehandlingsinstitusjon. Vi ville finne ut om henholdsvis terapeutene og klientene får til å fylle ut skjemaene etter hver samtale, å snakke om resultatene, og om det oppleves som nyttig for behandlingen å gjøre det. Våre tre hovedutfallsmål var (1) drop-out, eller rettere sagt, prediksjon og forebygging av frafall fra behandlingen før den er planlagt avsluttet, (2) symptombedring, og (3) opplevd nytte. Kvalitative data ble også samlet inn og sett i sammenheng med de kvantitative for å forsøke å belyse om og hvordan behandlerne endrer sin praksis ved innføring av KOR.

    Siden kun 5% av pasientene i prosjektperioden hadde fått registrert dato og grunn for avslutning av behandling, kunne vi ikke teste vår hovedhypotese; hvorvidt KOR bidrar til reduksjon av frafall fra behandling. Og i det store og det hele fikk vi ikke ut de kvantitative data vi hadde håpet på i dette prosjektet. Vi presenterer likevel vårt opprinnelige design i sin helhet i håp om at andre kan finne noe av nytte der for planlegging av fremtidige studier.

    I de kvalitative intervjuene fortalte imidlertid pasientene at de opplever KOR som et godt verktøy som bidrar til å gjøre behandlingen mer rett på sak og at de får større innvirkning på den. Det ble dog pekt på utfordringer som vi fortolker som et gjenstående behov for veiledning i bruken av KOR, altså at de fleste negative erfaringene pasientene hadde, som å bli redusert til et nummer, handlet om at KOR ikke ble anvendt i tråd med intensjonen. Dette ble også bekreftet i avslutningsmøte med koordinatorene; at de ønsket at vi hadde tilbydd mer informasjon og veiledning i starten av prosjektet.

    De kvalitative intervjuene med behandlerne tyder på at behandlerne opplever at KOR er et godt verktøy på mange vis, men at det i sin nåværende form ikke helt passer i døgnbehandling. Nordlandsklinikken har imidlertid valgt å innføre bruk av KOR som standard praksis ved poliklinikken.

  • 133.
    Werkander Harstäde, Carina
    et al.
    Gotland University College, Sweden; Lineus Univ, Vaxjo, Sweden.
    Andershed, Birgitta
    Gjøvik University College, Norway.
    Roxberg, Åsa
    Linnéuniversitetet,Sweden; Gjovik Univ Coll, Dept Nursing, Gjovik, Norway.
    Brunt, David
    Linnéuniversitetet, Sweden.
    Feelings of guilt - Experiences of next-of-kin in end-of-life care2013Ingår i: Journal of Hospice and Palliative Nursing, ISSN 1522-2179, E-ISSN 1539-0705, Vol. 15, nr 1, s. 33-40Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    The aim of the study was to gain a greater understanding of the experiences of guilt of the next-of-kin in end-of-life care. Seventeen next-of-kin who had lost a loved one were interviewed with a focus on possible experiences of guilt. A Gadamerian-based hermeneutic approach to interpret these experiences was used. The interpretation showed that next-of-kin’s experiences of guilt emanated from a situation where the next-of-kin had a moral view on what was the right thing to do, it could also originate from a wish to do the best possible for the dying person out of love for this person. The situation could also involve both these aspects.  The way in which the situation was handled, could, if the next-of-kin felt that s/he did not fulfill her/his commitments, omitted or neglected the dying person or was the cause of something, lead to experiences of guilt. The situation of being next-of-kin in end-of-life care is complex and demanding, something that health professionals are and should be aware of. Acknowledgement of experiences of guilt can help the next-of-kin in their adaptation to the end-of-life situation as a whole and maybe also give useful tools to support next-of-kin through bereavement.

  • 134.
    Wickford, Jenny
    Mälardalens högskola, Akademin för hälsa, vård och välfärd.
    Considerations for enhanced community based physiotherapy services in Afghanistan.2011Ingår i: Development efforts in Afghanistan: is there a will and a way?: The case of disability and vulnerability. / [ed] Jean-Francois Trani, Paris: L'Harmattan , 2011, s. 193-214Kapitel i bok, del av antologi (Övrigt vetenskapligt)
  • 135.
    Wickford, Jenny
    Göteborgs universitet.
    Physiotherapists in Afghanistan: Exploring, encouraging & experiencing professional development in the Afghan development context2010Doktorsavhandling, sammanläggning (Övrigt vetenskapligt)
  • 136.
    Wickford, Jenny
    et al.
    Göteborgs universitet.
    Edwards, Ian
    University of South Australia.
    Rosberg, Susanne
    Göteborgs universitet.
    A transformative perspective and learning and professional development of Afghan physiotherapists.2012Ingår i: Physiotherapy Theory and Practice, ISSN 0959-3985, E-ISSN 1532-5040, Vol. 28, nr 4, s. 269-282Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
  • 137.
    Wickford, Jenny
    et al.
    Göteborgs universitet.
    Hultberg, John
    Göteborgs universitet.
    Rosberg, Susanne
    Göteborgs universitet.
    Physiotherapy in Afghanistan – needs and challenges for development.2008Ingår i: Disability and Rehabilitation, ISSN 0963-8288, E-ISSN 1464-5165, Vol. 30, nr 4, s. 305-313Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
  • 138.
    Wickford, Jenny
    et al.
    Göteborgs universitet.
    Rosberg, Susanne
    Göteborgs universitet.
    From Idealistic Helper to Enterprising Learner:  critical reflections on personal development through experiences from Afghanistan2012Ingår i: Physiotherapy Theory and Practice, ISSN 0959-3985, E-ISSN 1532-5040, Vol. 28, nr 4, s. 283-291Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
  • 139.
    Widén, Rosalie
    Mälardalens högskola, Akademin för hälsa, vård och välfärd.
    NYCKELN TILL FÖRSTÅELSE: En litteraturstudie om kommunikationens betydelse i demensvården2015Självständigt arbete på grundnivå (kandidatexamen), 10 poäng / 15 hpStudentuppsats (Examensarbete)
    Abstract [sv]

    Bakgrund: Demens är en sjukdom som utgör minnesförluster, kommunikationssvårigheter och nedsatt förmåga att klara av vardagliga aktiviteter. Patientens problem med beteendet kan orsaka oro, aggressivitet och förvirring mot anhöriga och vårdare. När patienten inte kan förmedla sin önskan i kommunikationen så bidrar det att patienten inte kan uppnå hälsa. Missförstånd kan ha uppstått av det som patienten har försökt att förmedla. Patientens livsvärld kommer inte fram till följd av den oförmåga som sjukdomen kan ge upphov till. Det medför att patientens behov inte kommer fram. Problem: Det behövs mer kunskaper om kommunikation för patienter som lever med demenssjukdom. Syfte: Syfte är att beskriva kommunikationens betydelse för att underlätta omvårdnaden för patienter som lever med demens, ur ett vårdarperspektiv. Metod: En litteraturöversikt utfördes med tio vårdvetenskapliga artiklar i en beskrivande syntes som sammanställdes och beskrevs i resultatet. Resultat: Sjuksköterskan ska vara medveten om sitt förhållningssätt och tillämpa en individanpassad kommunikationsmetod för att patientens behov ska kunna tillgodoses. Vidare uppkommer det vikten av förståelse för människan bakom sjukdomen. Genom att känna till olika kommunikations metoder kan relationen förbättras. Slutsats: Det framkommer ett ökat behov av att kunna utöva kunskaper i kommunikationen, för vårdare och tillåta sig bli berörd av patienten genom att se patientens resurser och inte bara patientens sjukdom.

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  • 140.
    Wongsala, Manothai
    et al.
    Mälardalens universitet, Akademin för hälsa, vård och välfärd, Hälsa och välfärd.
    Rosendahl, S.
    School of Health Sciences, University of Skövde, Swede.
    Manasatchakun, P.
    Boromarajonani College of Nursing Chiang Mai, Chiang Mai, Thailand.
    Anbäcken, Els-Marie
    Mälardalens universitet, Akademin för hälsa, vård och välfärd, Hälsa och välfärd.
    Applying the PDSA cycle to a group activity promoting lifestyle change for the active ageing of older Thai adults - a focused ethnography2022Ingår i: BMC Geriatrics, ISSN 1471-2318, E-ISSN 1471-2318, Vol. 22, nr 1Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    BACKGROUND: The proportion of the older Thai population is increasing rapidly. Lifestyle may impact active ageing in later life. Interventions that empower older Thai adults to initiate and carry out lifestyle changes are needed. This study applied the Plan-Do-Study-Act (PDSA) cycle, a tool for improving lifestyle changes, with the aim of exploring interactions among older Thai adults when participating in group activities. METHOD: Focused ethnography was used based on participant observations, field notes and video recordings of 15 older Thai adults aged 62-78 years. RESULTS: Older Thai adults faced difficulties at the beginning since they were unfamiliar with initiating and carrying out lifestyle changes according to the PDSA concept. This provided a learning opportunity enabling older Thai adults to reach their individual goals of lifestyle change. CONCLUSIONS: The PDSA cycle has the potential to empower older adults in group contexts to promote lifestyle changes related to active ageing. 

  • 141.
    Zander, Viktoria
    et al.
    Mälardalens högskola, Akademin för hälsa, vård och välfärd, Hälsa och välfärd.
    Johansson-Pajala, Rose-Marie
    Mälardalens högskola, Akademin för hälsa, vård och välfärd, Hälsa och välfärd.
    Gustafsson, Christine
    Mälardalens högskola, Akademin för hälsa, vård och välfärd, Hälsa och välfärd.
    Methods to evaluate perspectives of safety, independence, activity, and participation in older persons using welfare technology. A systematic review2019Ingår i: Disability and Rehabilitation: Assistive Technology, ISSN 1748-3107, E-ISSN 1748-3115, Vol. 15, nr 4, s. 373-393Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    Purpose: To conduct a systematic review of existing methods to evaluate the individual aspects of welfare technology from the perspectives of independence, safety, activity, and participation. Furthermore, the study aimed to describe outcomes that have been the focus of previous research to evaluate individual aspects of welfare technology in older persons living in ordinary housing. Materials and methods: A systematic literature review in PubMed, CINAHL Plus, PsycINFO, Scopus, and Web of Science. Studies selected were those that explored the use of assistive and welfare technology devices from older persons’ perspectives, and which considered the concepts of independence, safety, activity and participation, and quality of life. Results: A broad spectrum of instruments was applied in the studies. For independence, three questionnaires were used in the identified studies. For safety, one instrument was used in two versions. To study activity and participation as well as quality of life, several scales were used. Additionally, several studies included qualitative approaches for evaluation, such as interviews, or posed one or more questions regarding the effects of welfare technology. Conclusions: The integration of digital assistive and welfare technology should be based on the needs of older persons, and those needs must be assessed using reliable and relevant instruments. The heterogeneity of the target group, i.e., older persons, together with the fact that assessments must give consideration to identifying goals, obstacles, and risks as well as users’ preferences, implies a person-centred approach.

  • 142.
    Zolfaghari, Samaneh
    et al.
    Mälardalens universitet, Akademin för innovation, design och teknik, Inbyggda system.
    Stoev, Teodor
    Univ Greifswald, Inst Data Sci, D-17489 Greifswald, Germany..
    Yordanova, Kristina
    Univ Greifswald, Inst Data Sci, D-17489 Greifswald, Germany..
    Enhancing Kitchen Activity Recognition: A Benchmark Study of the Rostock KTA Dataset2024Ingår i: IEEE Access, E-ISSN 2169-3536, Vol. 12, s. 14364-14384Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    With the global population aging, the demand for technologies facilitating independent living, especially for those with cognitive impairments, is increasing. This paper addresses this need by conducting a comprehensive evaluation of the Rostock Kitchen Task Assessment dataset, a pivotal resource in kitchen task activity recognition. Our study begins with an in-depth introduction, emphasizing the increasing prevalence of neurodegenerative disorders and the crucial role of assistive technologies. Our contributions encompass a systematic literature review, design and implementation of a working prototype of our envisioned system, refinement of the Rostock Kitchen Task Assessment dataset, creation of a semantically annotated dataset, extraction of statistical features, comparative analysis, and rigorous model performance assessment. The core of our work is the thorough evaluation and benchmarking of different activity recognition approaches using the aforementioned Rostock Kitchen Task Assessment dataset. Our experimental results demonstrate that despite encountering an imbalance problem in the dataset, the fusion of the Hidden Markov Model and Random Forest leads to superior results, achieving a weighted-averaged F-1-score of 74.10% for all available activities and 81.40% for the most common actions in the Rostock Kitchen Task Assessment dataset. Moreover, through systematic analysis, we identify strengths and suggest potential refinements, thereby advancing the field of kitchen activity recognition. This offers valuable insights for researchers and practitioners in assistive and remote care technologies.

  • 143.
    Åkesson, Christoffer
    et al.
    Mälardalens högskola, Akademin för hälsa, vård och välfärd.
    Bergström, Thomas
    Mälardalens högskola, Akademin för hälsa, vård och välfärd.
    Personcentrerad  omvårdnad relaterat till personer med demenssjukdom2015Självständigt arbete på grundnivå (kandidatexamen), 10 poäng / 15 hpStudentuppsats (Examensarbete)
    Abstract [sv]

    Syfte: Att beskriva personcentrerad vård utifrån vårdpersonalens perspektiv i omvårdnaden av personer som lever med demens. Metod: Litteraturöversikt med 11 vetenskapliga artiklar varav 6 stycken kvantitativa och 5 stycken kvalitativa vilka sammanställdes och ledde fram till resultatet. Resultat: Resultatet visar att i personcentrerad omvårdnad ska vårdpersonalen se människan framför sjukdomen, se personens individuella behov, önskemål och intressen. Vårdpersonalen är med och skapar meningsfulla aktiviteter efter förmåga med hjälp av personernas delaktighet eller genom ta tillvara på livshistorien. Personer som lever med demens är delaktiga i sin omvårdnad och vårdpersonalen stödjer deras självständighet. En personcentrerad miljö är anpassad efter personens unika behov med personliga tillhörigheter som gör att personen känner igen sig och därmed stärker dennes identitet.  Slutsats: Den personcentrerade omvårdnaden kan med sitt förhållningssätt öka livskvaliteten och välbefinnande för personer som lever med demens genom att se hela människan och individanpassa omvårdnaden. Andra aspekter som kan öka livskvalitén är ta tillvara personens resurser, livshistorien från individen och att vårdpersonalen kan söka information från anhöriga för att få en mer rättvis och nyanserad bild av personens intressen, smak och vad denne gillar samt inte gillar. Den personcentrerade vården betonar att meningsfulla aktiviteter och miljön spelar en viktig roll för individens upplevelse av välmående och livskvalitet. 

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  • 144.
    Åling, Elin
    Mälardalens universitet, Akademin för hälsa, vård och välfärd.
    Sjuksköterskors erfarenheter av att arbeta på vårdavdelningar på sjukhus under COVID-19 pandemin: En allmän litteraturöversikt2023Självständigt arbete på grundnivå (högskoleexamen), 10 poäng / 15 hpStudentuppsats (Examensarbete)
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  • 145.
    Åstrand, Elaine
    University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
    Mapping retinal degeneration and loss-of-function in Rd-FTL mice2009Ingår i: Investigative Ophthalmology and Visual Science, ISSN 0146-0404, E-ISSN 1552-5783, Vol. 50, nr 12, s. 5955-5964Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    PURPOSE. Retinitis pigmentosa (RP) is a blinding disease caused by the degeneration of photoreceptors. To further understand the process of degeneration in RP, the authors have traced activation patterns associated with rod and cone photoreceptor degeneration in a mouse model of RP METHODS. The authors used a double-mutant mouse, Rd-FTL, which contains a natural mutation, rd1, affecting the rod photoreceptors and an axon-targeted beta-galactosidase reporter system, which is under the regulation of the promoter of the c-fos gene. These mice allowed the authors to trace degeneration-related activity that corresponded to rod and cone death RESULTS. The authors traced cell death-associated activation in both rods and cones, allowing them to accurately determine the time course of cone degeneration in these mice. In the analysis of downstream activation patterns in the inner retina, they found that amacrine and ganglion cells maintain their photopic light-related activation until at least the initiation of cone degeneration. These cell populations then show increased activity during the peak time of cone cell degeneration. The authors also examined light-regulated functional activation of a subclass of amacrine cells, the dopaminergic amacrine cells. These cells showed light-induced functional activation after rod photoreceptor death and until the period of cone photoreceptor death, suggesting that they can be regulated by cone photoreceptors alone CONCLUSIONS. These findings have helped to accurately trace the periods of photoreceptor degeneration in this model of RP and show that correct light-regulated inner retinal activation is maintained until the time of cone degeneration. (Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2009;50:5955-5964) DOI: 10.1167/iovs.09-3916

  • 146.
    Åstrand, Elaine
    et al.
    Université Claude Bernard Lyon, France .
    Enel, P.
    Université Claude Bernard Lyon, France .
    Ibos, G.
    Université Claude Bernard Lyon, France .
    Dominey, P.F.
    Université Claude Bernard Lyon, France .
    Baraduc, P.
    Université Claude Bernard Lyon, France .
    Hamed, S.B
    Université Claude Bernard Lyon, France .
    Comparison of Classifiers for Decoding Sensory and Cognitive Information from Prefrontal Neuronal Populations.2014Ingår i: PLOS ONE, E-ISSN 1932-6203, Vol. 9, nr 1, s. 1-14Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    Decoding neuronal information is important in neuroscience, both as a basic means to understand how neuronal activity is related to cerebral function and as a processing stage in driving neuroprosthetic effectors. Here, we compare the readout performance of six commonly usedclassifiers at decoding two different variables encoded by the spiking activity of the non-human primate frontal eye fields (FEF): the spatial position of a visual cue, and the instructed orientation of the animal's attention. While the first variable is exogenously driven by the environment, the second variable corresponds to the interpretation of the instruction conveyed by the cue; it is endogenously driven and corresponds to the output of internalcognitive operations performed on the visual attributes of the cue. These two variables were decoded using either a regularized optimal linear estimator in its explicit formulation, an optimal linear artificial neural network estimator, a non-linear artificial neural network estimator, a non-linear naïve Bayesian estimator, a non-linear Reservoir recurrent network classifier or a non-linear Support Vector Machine classifier. Our results suggest that endogenous information such as the orientation of attention can be decoded from the FEF with the same accuracy as exogenous visualinformation. All classifiers did not behave equally in the face of population size and heterogeneity, the available training and testing trials, the subject's behavior and the temporal structure of the variable of interest. In most situations, the regularized optimal linear estimator and the non-linear Support Vector Machine classifiers outperformed the other tested decoders.

  • 147.
    Åstrand, Elaine
    et al.
    Université Claude Bernard Lyon, France .
    Ibos, Guilhem
    Université Claude Bernard Lyon, France .
    Duhamel, Jean-René
    Université Claude Bernard Lyon, France .
    Hamed, S.B
    Université Claude Bernard Lyon, France .
    Differential dynamics of spatial attention, position, and color coding within the parietofrontal network2015Ingår i: Journal of Neuroscience, ISSN 0270-6474, E-ISSN 1529-2401, Vol. 35, nr 7, s. 3174-3189Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    Despite an ever growing knowledge on howparietal and prefrontal neurons encode low-level spatial and color information or higher-level information, such as spatial attention, an understanding of how these cortical regions process neuronal information at the population level is still missing. A simple assumption would be that the function and temporal response profiles of these neuronal populations match that of its constituting individual cells. However, several recent studies suggest that this is not necessarily the case and that the single-cell approach overlooks dynamic changes in how information is distributed over the neuronal population. Here, we use a time-resolved population pattern analysis to explore how spatialposition, spatial attention and color information are differentially encoded and maintained in the macaque monkey prefrontal (frontal eye fields) and parietal cortex (lateral intraparietal area). Overall, our work brings about three novel observations. First, we show that parietal and prefrontal populations operate in two distinct population regimens for the encoding of sensory and cognitive information: a stationary mode and a dynamic mode. Second, we show that the temporal dynamics of a heterogeneous neuronal population brings about complementary information to that of its functional subpopulations. Thus, both need to be investigated in parallel. Last, we show that identifying the neuronal configuration in which a neuronal population encodes given information can serve to reveal this same information in a different context. All together, this work challenges common views on neural coding in the parietofrontal network. 

  • 148.
    Åstrand, Elaine
    et al.
    University of Lyon, France.
    Wardak, C.
    University of Lyon, France.
    Hamed, S.B.
    University of Lyon, France.
    Selective visual attention to drive cognitive brain-machine interfaces: from concepts to neurofeedback and rehabilitation applications2014Ingår i: Frontiers in Systems Neuroscience, E-ISSN 1662-5137, Vol. 8, nr 144, s. 144-160Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    Brain-machine interfaces (BMIs) using motor cortical activity to drive an external effector like a screen cursor or a robotic arm have seen enormous success and proven their great rehabilitation potential. An emerging parallel effort is now directed to BMIs controlled by endogenouscognitive activity, also called cognitive BMIs. While more challenging, this approach opens new dimensions to the rehabilitation of cognitivedisorders. In the present work, we focus on BMIs driven by visuospatial attention signals and we provide a critical review of these studies in the light of the accumulated knowledge about the psychophysics, anatomy, and neurophysiology of visual spatial attention. Importantly, we provide a unique comparative overview of the several studies, ranging from non-invasive to invasive human and non-human primates studies, that decodeattention-related information from ongoing neuronal activity. We discuss these studies in the light of the challenges attention-driven cognitive BMIs have to face. In a second part of the review, we discuss past and current attention-based neurofeedback studies, describing both the covert effects of neurofeedback onto neuronal activity and its overt behavioral effects. Importantly, we compare neurofeedback studies based on the amplitude of cortical activity to studies based on the enhancement of cortical information content. Last, we discuss several lines of future research and applications for attention-driven cognitive brain-computer interfaces (BCIs), including the rehabilitation of cognitive deficits, restored communication in locked in patients, and open-field applications for enhanced cognition in normal subjects. The core motivation of this work is the key idea that the improvement of current cognitive BMIs for therapeutic and open field applications needs to be grounded in a proper interdisciplinary understanding of the physiology of the cognitive function of interest, be it spatial attention, working memory or any other cognitive signal.

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