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  • 1.
    Bilstrup, Katrin
    et al.
    Högskolan i Halmstad, Inbyggda system (CERES).
    Uhlemann, Elisabeth
    Högskolan i Halmstad, Inbyggda system (CERES).
    Ström, Erik G.
    Högskolan i Halmstad, Inbyggda system (CERES).
    Bilstrup, Urban
    Högskolan i Halmstad, Inbyggda system (CERES).
    On the ability of the 802.11p MAC method and STDMA to support real-time vehicle-to-vehicle communications2009In: EURASIP Journal on Wireless Communications and Networking, ISSN 1687-1472, E-ISSN 1687-1499, Vol. 2009, no 902414, p. 1-14Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Traffic safety applications using vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) communication is an emerging and promising area within the intelligent transportation systems (ITS) sphere. Many of these new applications require real-time communication with high reliability, meaning that packets must be successfully delivered before a certain deadline. Applications with early deadlines are expected to require direct V2V communications, and the only standard currently supporting this is the upcoming IEEE 802.11p, included in the wireless access in vehicular environment (WAVE) stack. To meet a real-time deadline, timely and predictable access to the channel is paramount. However, the medium access method used in 802.11p, carrier sense multiple access with collision avoidance (CSMA/CA), does not guarantee channel access before a finite deadline. In this paper, we analyze the communication requirements introduced by traffic safety applications, namely, low delay, reliable, real-time communications.We show by simulation of a simple, but realistic, highway scenario, that vehicles using CSMA/CA can experience unacceptable channel access delays and, therefore, 802.11p does not support real-time communications. In addition, we present a potential remedy for this problem, namely, the use of self-organizing time division multiple access (STDMA). The real-time properties of STDMA are investigated by means of the same highway simulation scenario, with promising results.

  • 2.
    Åkerberg, Johan
    et al.
    ABB, Västerås, Sweden .
    Gidlund, Mikael
    ABB, Västerås, Sweden .
    Lennvall, Tomas
    ABB, Västerås, Sweden .
    Neander, Jonas
    ABB, Västerås, Sweden .
    Björkman, Mats
    Mälardalen University, School of Innovation, Design and Engineering.
    Efficient Integration of Secure and Safety Critical Industrial Wireless Sensor Networks2011In: EURASIP Journal on Wireless Communications and Networking, ISSN 1687-1472, E-ISSN 1687-1499, no 1, article id 100Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Wireless communication has gained more interest in industrial automation due to flexibility, mobility, and cost reduction. Wireless systems, in general, require additional and different engineering and maintenance tasks, for example cryptographic key management. This is an important aspect that needs to be addressed before wireless systems can be deployed and maintained efficiently in the industry. In this paper, we take an holistic approach that addresses safety and security regardless of the underlying media. In our proposed framework we introduce security modules which can be retrofitted to provide end-to-end integrity and authentication measures by utilizing the black channel concept. With the proposed approach, we can extend and provide end-to-end security as well as functional safety using existing automation equipment and standards, such as Profisafe, Profinet IO, and WirelessHART. Furthermore, we improve the WirelessHART standard with periodic and deterministic downlink transmissions to enable efficient usage of wireless actuators, as well as improving the performance of functional safety protocols.

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