https://www.mdu.se/

Detta examensarbete är genererat på egen hand av projektets deltagare. Arbetet avser att frambringa ett förslag på hur en offentlig laddare kan utformas med kartläggning av dess teknik. Produkten riktar sig främst för laddning av mobiltelefoner men ska också fungera till andra energiförsörjande portabla enheter som, mindre datorer, musikspelare samt kameror.

Examensarbetet är inom området, produkt- och processutveckling vid institutionen Innovation Design och Produktutveckling på Mälardalens högskola.

Projektet omfattar en förstudie med analyser av befintliga produkter på marknaden gällande design, teknik och funktion. Förstudien omfattar också resultatet av en personundersökning för att utforska om det finns ett behov av en sådan produkt på den svenska marknaden samt för att ge inspiration hur den kan utformas. Vi har också tagit del av lämpliga litteraturstudier för att skapa en trovärdighet till läsaren och som stöd för vårt arbete.

Med denna förstudie i beaktning inleddes en konceptutveckling med ett omfattande skissarbete som sedan fördes över till cad-modeller med hjälp av programmet Solid Works. Därefter har ett vinnande koncept tagits fram och vidareutvecklats med hjälp av lämpliga utvecklings- och värderings metoder som Pughs matris, QFD samt FMEA.Denna rapport är skriven i kronologisk ordning med en slutlig presentation av resultatet. Produkten presenteras med verklighetsbaserade bilder som renderats i 3DsMax med produktens ritningar som underlag.

Rapporten Designstudie av beställningsautomat -anpassad för drive through- behandlar

arbetet från produktutveckling till modellframställning. Den uppgift som gruppen tagit sig an

gäller utveckling och design av en automat anpassad för användning i en drive through. Hela

arbetet är ett examensarbete inom Produkt och Processutveckling (kurskod: KN1060) vid

Institutionen för Design och Produktutveckling på Mälardalens högskola.

Produktutvecklingen gäller en automat anpassad för användning i en drive through, i

produktutvecklingen ingår val av material, produktionsmetod, utformning samt

konceptmodeller. Arbetet har utförts med en funktionsanalys och intervjuer som grund.

Utifrån dessa dokument har sedan flertalet koncept kunnat utvecklas. Med stöd av ett antal

utvecklingsverktyg har ett urval kunnat göras för att slutligen mynna ut i ett enda slutgiltigt

koncept.

Jämförelser och urval av koncept har genomförts med hjälp av ett antal utvecklingsverktyg;

QFD-analys (Quality Function Deployment), FMEA-analys (Failure Mode Effect Analysis)

och Pugh-matris. Dessa verktyg har även varit till stor hjälp när det kom till att kvalitetssäkra

arbetet. Under arbetets gång har en nära dialog med handledare förts för att säkerställa att

arbetsprocessen flutit i rätt riktning.

Resultatet av detta arbete blev en modell i skala 1:4 som visar vilket utseende automaten får

och vilka funktioner den kan ha. Modellen visar inte hur programvaran kommer att fungera.

Den andra delen av resultatet är själva arbetet i sig som visar på hur produkten kan förenkla

beställningen för användaren samt avlasta restaurangpersonalens arbete.

För fortsatt arbete med detta projekt bör ytterligare undersökningar och djupare

konstruktionsarbete genomföras. I det djupare konstruktionsarbetet bör elektronikkonstruktion

tas med i beräkningarna. Det bör också läggas ner mycket tid på att utveckla programvaran så

att den underlättar beställningar för såväl restaurangkund som personal.

Introduction: The HELENA study (Healthy Lifestyle in Europe by Nutrition in Adolescents) has been performed in ten cities around Europe. The study has been using a computerized 24h-recall program called “Young adolescents' nutrition assessment on computer” (YANA-C). The program has been developed, used and validated in Belgium. In the HELENA study all countries translated and culturally adapted the YANA-C software. The validity of the results might depend on the translation and compliance to the test protocol of the YANA-C. Therefore it is important to validate YANA-C in other countries.

Aim: To validate the computerized 24h-recall, YANA-C, against estimated dietary records, in adolescents (13 and 16 years of age) in three additional countries (Sweden, Hungary and Spain) belonging to the HELENA study, and to compare it with the outcome from the Belgium validation study.

Method: More than three hundred adolescents completed YANA-C on two non-consecutive days. One to five days later, the adolescents completed an estimated dietary record on two non-consecutive comparable days as those for which YANA-C was completed. Wilcoxon signed rank test is used to compare the intakes of food groups and nutrients (energy, carbohydrates, protein, fat, fiber, calcium, vitamin C, iron) between both methods.

Results: The results from Belgium showed a significant lower intake in energy (p<0.001), carbohydrate (p<0.01), protein (p<0.05), fat (p<0.01), fiber (p<0.001), vitamin C (p<0.05) and iron (p<0.05) in the dietary record compared to YANA-C. The Belgium results had a higher energy and nutrient intake (except calcium) from YANA-C comparing to the dietary record. Preliminary results from the Hungarian sample (n=99) show a significant lower intake of carbohydrates (p<0.001), protein (p<0.001) and a higher intake of fat (<0.05), fiber (<0.05), calcium (<0.01) in the dietary records compared to the YANA-C. There was no significant difference in energy, vitamin C and iron.

Conclusion: The Belgium and Hungarian samples showed different results of the validation studies. This shows the importance to validate the results from countries using YANA-C database. Analyses on a food group level might help to explain these differences.

HELENA study takes place with the financial support of the European Community (FP6-2003-Food-2-A, FOOD-2003-T2.4, Contract FOOD-CT-2005-007034)

Objectives: To identify familiar factors influencing breakfast consumption and choices at breakfast in European adolescents participating in the Healthy Lifestyle in Europe by Nutrition in Adolescence (HELENA) study.

Methods: The HELENA is a multicentre school-based study. A total of 3546 adolescents aged12.5-17.49 years responded to questions about breakfast habits and determinants about eating behavior during the academic year 2006-2007.

Results: 66% of boys and 58% of girls indicated to regularly consume breakfast. Boys whose parents support them to eat healthy are more likely to consume breakfast (OR, 0.61; 95% CI, 0.43-0.85). Girls whose peers eat healthy are more likely to consume breakfast (OR, 0.68; 95% CI, 0.51-0.91). Hunger (59%), taste (57%), health (48%) and parents (45%) are the most important factors influencing adolescents’ food choices at breakfast.

Conclusion: Parents’ and peers’ influences should be considered in the development and testing of intervention strategies.

Coffee contains active compounds that alleged to have antifungal activity. This study aimed to analyze inhibitory effect of steeping freeze–dried Robusta ground coffee (SFDRGC) to the growth of oral microorganism Candida albicans (the main causative agent of oro-pharyngeal opportunistic infection). This is an in vitro experimental study using the post–test only control group design. Serial dilutions of SFDRGC were studied. An antifungal drug Nystatin was used as a positive control, and sterile distilled water as a negative control. The inhibitory effect was study by means of Agar well diffusion method. Result showed that SFDRGC demonstrated antifungal activity. The higher concentration of SFDRGC showed the higher antifungal activities significantly (P < 0.05). Concentration of 100% SFDRGC showed anti-candida activity as potent as Nystatin. In conclusion, 100% SFDRGC demonstrated a potent antifungal agent against C. albicans. This study suggested that coffee beverage might be used as anti-candida mouthwash to prevent the risk of oral opportunistic infection. Further studies, however are needed to confirm this notion, such as epidemiological, and phytochemical studies of antifungal bioactive components in coffee that are processed using various methods.

Globo Foods Co., Ltd. has good opportunity to export five Thai seasoning        paste products to Sweden (Västerås). By setting the price as low initial price, sell firstly at ICA Maxi Hälla and Coop Extra in Västerås, use attractive promotion and advertising for Swedish people. This result is from valid, reliable primary and secondary data in order to be guideline and useful information to Globo Foods Co., Ltd. and also can adapt to fit the result with Thai seasoning pastes from other companies or other kind of products to enter to Västerås,Sweden.

Retailers' food waste, often consisting of edible food, could be reduced, while simultaneously tackling food insecurity, through surplus food donations to vulnerable groups. However, sustainability assessments of food donations covering all three sustainability perspectives are scarce, hampering decision-makers in prioritizing donation as a food waste management measure. This Swedish case study assessed the environmental, economic, and social aspects of surplus food donation and examined trade-offs between the different sustainability perspectives. Methods included life cycle assessment, net economic benefit calculation, social life cycle assessment based on food security questionnaires, and nutritional assessments. The results showed that food donation was a way to reduce food waste benefitting the environment and adding economic and social value, to vulnerable people in particular. Despite substantial rebound effects offsetting some potential environmental savings, food bag donations outcompeted anaerobic digestion as a food waste management option in terms of environmental mitigation effect. Regarding trade-offs, accrued savings causing the rebound effects generated important social value for the donation recipients, by relieving their personal finances. Private and public investment was required to fund the donation units, but positive economic value was generated through valorization of surplus food. Food bag donations also showed potential to alleviate recipients' food insecurity and to contribute positively to recipients' nutrition intake. To realize the potential of surplus food donation, policy measures should be better aligned with the waste hierarchy. Despite some trade-offs and inability to solve the underlying problems of food insecurity, food donations have great short-term potential to contribute to a more sustainable society.