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  • 1.
    Ahlgren, Asa
    et al.
    Mälardalen University, School of Health, Care and Social Welfare. Mid Sweden University, Östersund, Sweden.
    Broman, Lisbet
    Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Bergroth, Alf
    Mid Sweden University, Östersund, Sweden.
    Ekholm, Jan
    Mid Sweden University, Östersund, Sweden.
    Disability pension despite vocational rehabilitation?: A study from six social insurance offices of a county2005In: International Journal of Rehabilitation Research, ISSN 0342-5282, E-ISSN 1473-5660, Vol. 28, no 1, p. 33-42Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Many long-term sick-listed individuals move from vocational rehabilitation to pension, rather than reaching the goal of return to work. There is thus reason to consider whether rehabilitation resources are being used optimally. Individuals receiving disability pensions are consuming financial and personnel resources at the insurance offices and also consume a large amount of health care. The general objective of the study was to evaluate the proportion of individuals granted vocational rehabilitation but then obtaining temporary or permanent disability pensions. All persons receiving any kind of rehabilitation and attending one of six local national insurance offices in a county in Sweden in 1998 and 1999 were studied. A 2-year follow-up was carried out to assess changes in status among those who had received temporary disability pensions. Of all individuals receiving rehabilitation, 46.2% ended up with a disability pension allowance. In addition, a large portion of the temporary disability pensions was transformed to permanent disability pensions within 2 years. For clients with a temporary disability pension, the rate of resuming work was close to nil. Among rehabilitation measures, investigation showed the lowest figures of work resumption while job training showed the best outcome in this respect. The study concluded that a large portion of the financial and personnel resources allocated by the national insurance offices to rehabilitation resulted in disability pensions.

  • 2.
    Ahlstedt, C.
    et al.
    Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Health Services Research, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
    Eriksson Lindvall, C.
    Department of Business Studies Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
    Holmström, Inger K.
    Mälardalen University, School of Health, Care and Social Welfare, Health and Welfare. Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Health Services Research, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
    Muntlin Athlin, Å.
    Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Health Services Research, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
    What makes registered nurses remain in work?: An ethnographic study2019In: International Journal of Nursing Studies, ISSN 0020-7489, E-ISSN 1873-491X, Vol. 89, p. 32-38Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Background: Registered nurses’ work-related stress, dissatisfaction and burnout are some of the problems in the healthcare and that negatively affect healthcare quality and patient care. A prerequisite for sustained high quality at work is that the registered nurses are motivated. High motivation has been proved to lead to better working results. The theory of inner work life describes the dynamic interplay between a person's perceptions, emotions and motivation and the three key factors for a good working life: nourishment, progress and catalysts. Objectives: The aim of the study was to explore registered nurses’ workday events in relation to inner work life theory, to better understand what influences registered nurses to remain in work. Design: A qualitative explorative study with an ethnographic approach. Methods: Participant observation over four months; in total 56 h with 479 events and 58 informal interviews during observation; all registered nurses employed at the unit (n = 10) were included. In addition, individual interviews were conducted after the observation period (n = 9). The dataset was analysed using thematic analysis and in the final step of the analysis the categories were reflected in relation to the three key factors in theory of inner work life. Results: Nourishment in a registered nurse context describes the work motivation created by the interpersonal support between colleagues. It was important to registered nurses that physicians and colleagues respected and trusted their knowledge in the daily work, and that they felt comfortable asking questions and supporting each other. Progress in the context of registered nurses’ work motivation was the feeling of moving forward with a mix of small wins and the perception of solving more complex challenges in daily work. It was also fundamental to the registered nurses’ development through new knowledge and learning during daily work. Catalysts, actions that directly facilitate the work, were highlighted as the possibility to work independently along with the opportunity to work together with other registered nurses. Conclusion: This study has a number of implications for future work and research on creating an attractive workplace for registered nurses. Working independently, with colleagues from the same profession, integrated with learning, visible progress, and receiving feedback from the work itself, contribute to work motivation. 

  • 3.
    Airaksinen, Lina
    et al.
    Mälardalen University, School of Health, Care and Social Welfare.
    Jensen, Cassandra
    Mälardalen University, School of Health, Care and Social Welfare.
    Att vårda en närstående med demenssjukdom: En litteraturöversikt av anhörigas erfarenheter2023Independent thesis Basic level (university diploma), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
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  • 4.
    Akhavan, Sharareh
    et al.
    Mälardalen University, School of Health, Care and Social Welfare. Mälardalen University, School of Health, Care and Social Welfare, Health and Welfare.
    Aytar, Osman
    Mälardalen University, School of Health, Care and Social Welfare. Mälardalen University, School of Health, Care and Social Welfare, Health and Welfare.
    Bogg, Lennart
    Mälardalen University, School of Health, Care and Social Welfare. Mälardalen University, School of Health, Care and Social Welfare, Health and Welfare.
    Söderlund, Anne
    Mälardalen University, School of Health, Care and Social Welfare. Mälardalen University, School of Health, Care and Social Welfare, Health and Welfare.
    Tillgren, Per
    Mälardalen University, School of Health, Care and Social Welfare. Mälardalen University, School of Health, Care and Social Welfare, Health and Welfare.
    Blev det ett genombrott?: Utvärdering av det nationella lärandeprojektet – Vård på lika villkor2014Report (Other academic)
    Abstract [sv]

    Sjukvården i Sverige är i dag inte jämlik, har brister i tillgänglighet och erbjuds inte på likvärdiga villkor trots Hälso- och sjukvårdslagens mål om en god hälsa och en vård på lika villkor för hela befolkningen.

    För att bryta den pågående trenden och öka jämlikheten gjordes en överenskommelse mellan regeringen och SKL om lärandeprojektet Vård på lika villkor (under åren 2011–2014). Syftet med projektets har varit att inom socioekonomiskt resurssvaga bostadsområden öka jämlikheten i första linjens vård. Detta genom att testa, utveckla och identifiera effektiva arbetssätt och metoder vid sju primärvårdsverksamheter från fem landsting i Sverige.

    Mälardalens högskola, Akademin för hälsa, vård och välfärd, fick av SKL i uppdrag att svara för forskarstöd och att genomföra en utvärdering av de metoder och arbetssätt som utvecklades och testades i lärandeprojektet.

    Resultatet från den genomförda utvärderingen som belyser den genomförda processen, mål- och resultat samt hälsoekonomiska aspekter beskrivs närmare i denna rapport.

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    Blev det ett genombrott? Utvärdering av det nationella lärandeprojektet – Vård på lika villkor
  • 5.
    Akhavan, Sharareh
    et al.
    Mälardalen University, School of Health, Care and Social Welfare, Health and Welfare.
    Aytar, Osman
    Mälardalen University, School of Health, Care and Social Welfare, Health and Welfare.
    Bogg, Lennart
    Mälardalen University, School of Health, Care and Social Welfare, Health and Welfare.
    Söderlund, Anne
    Mälardalen University, School of Health, Care and Social Welfare, Health and Welfare.
    Tillgren, Per
    Mälardalen University, School of Health, Care and Social Welfare, Health and Welfare.
    Temaledare: Vård på lika villkor – Vad kan vi lära av Lärandeprojektet?2015In: Socialmedicinsk Tidskrift, ISSN 0037-833X, E-ISSN 2000-4192, Vol. 92, no 2, p. 103-106Article in journal (Refereed)
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    fulltext
  • 6.
    Amin, Mahgol
    et al.
    Mälardalen University, School of Business, Society and Engineering.
    Kubo, Tomomi
    Mälardalen University, School of Business, Society and Engineering.
    KANBAN Implementation from a Change Management Perspective: A Case Study of Volvo IT2014Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (Two Years)), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    The purpose of this thesis is to investigate and analyze the implementation process of KANBAN, a lean technique, into a section of Volvo IT (i.e. BEAT). The KANBAN implementation into BEAT when ‘resistance for change’ and ‘forces for change’ arise is also analyzed. This implementation of KANBAN is equivalent to change taking place in the Volvo IT’s operational process. The thesis follows theories and literature on change management and lean principles in order to support the research investigation.

    How has KANBAN, with respect to change management, been implemented into an IT organization for its service production? How has KANBAN changed the operational process of the organization?

     The research conducted in the thesis is based on qualitative case study. Focused and in-depth interviews, combined with observations, are carried out to obtain the primary data for the case study. The collected primary and secondary data stems from the literature reviewed, which covers the lean principles, KANBAN, and change management. Moreover, the thesis adopts an abductive approach that goes back-and-forth between the theory and the empirical findings in order to develop a model.

    Due to various factors already existing in the BEAT, minimal resistance to change implementation was found to be present in Volvo IT. This finding indicates that change initiatives found a way to implementation because the predominance of the ‘forces for change’, as compared to, the ‘resistance to change’ is higher in BEAT. The KANBAN implementation into the IT service production is identified to be aligned with Volvo IT’s change implementation objectives. The visualization of the ‘intangible service’ workflow on the Kanban board contributes to identify the source of bottlenecks, which has been removed through effective communication in the BEAT team and better linkages between tasks. The KANBAN effectively deals with change implementation by modifying the way team members work.

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    KanbanImplementationChangeManagementVolvoCase
  • 7.
    Andersson, Mona
    Mälardalen University, School of Sustainable Development of Society and Technology.
    Ett nytt sätt att övervaka palliativpatienter: Exemplet Kullbergska sjukhuset2011Report (Other academic)
    Abstract [sv]

    Denna rapport beskriver ett nytt sätt att monitorera eller övervaka palliativa patienter inomden avancerade hemsjukvårdens domäner jämfört med ett mer traditionelltomhändertagande inom slutenvården. I det nyare sättet vistas patienterna i hemmet sålångt det är möjligt innan en ev. inläggning på sjukhuset behövs. Monitoreringen sker genomkontinuerlig kontakt via främst ett frågeformulär, som patienten eller dennes anhörigaoch/eller distriktssköterska skickar in till samordnande sjuksköterska inom palliativ vård.Genom att data kontinuerligt registreras av hur patienten mår kan läkaren se hursjukdomsbilden utvecklar sig och sätta in de resurser som behövs efter varje patient behov.Vid ev. behov av slutenvård ligger dessa patienter inne kortare tid eftersom derasallmäntillstånd inte är lika dåligt som för patienter, som direkt kommer till sjukhusetsakutavdelning eller slutenvårdsavdelning, enligt traditionellt omhändertagande. Dessa patienter behöver vistas längre tid på sjukhuset och behöver dyra och omfattandebehandlingar för att förbättra sin hälsostatus, så att de kan skickas hem igen. En fråga som därför har ställts i studien är om det nya sättet att monitorera är mer kostnadseffektivt ändet traditionella eftersom vårdtid och därtill hörande kostnader skiljer sig åt mellan dessabåda system att vårda palliativa patienter. För att svara på denna fråga har en jämförelseavseende vårdtillfällen, vårddagar och kostnader gjorts för åren 2003 och 2004, då ett traditionellt synsätt användes på Kullbergska sjukhuset med åren 2008 och 2009 då manövergått till avancerad vård i hemmet (ASIH) för de palliativa patienterna.

    Resultatet visar att antalet anslutna palliativa patienter år 2003 var 82 stycken, vilka hade 90 vårdtillfällen tillsammans. Det genomsnittliga antalet vårdtillfällen per patient (exklusive 26 patienter, som aldrig anslöts eller kom hem från sjukhuset) var 1,6 och det genomsnittligaantalet dagar som dessa låg inne var 17,3. Spridningen i antalet dagar var från 1 till max 76 dagar och totala antalet vårddagar var 971.

    År 2009 visar resultatet att antalet anslutna palliativa patienter ökat till 117 stycken och attde hade 60 vårdtillfällen tillsammans samtidigt som antalet som ej anslöts eller kom hemfrån sjukhuset har ökat till 37 stycken. Det genomsnittliga antalet vårdtillfällen per patient ärnu 0,8 dvs. en minskning med 50 % från 2003. Antalet vårddagar har nu minskat till 543 stycken och i genomsnitt ligger patienterna inne 6,8 dagar. Spridningen av vårdagar är från 1 dag till max 51 dagar.

    Sammanfattningsvis har det trots fler anslutna palliativa patienter, från 82 stycken år 2003till 117 år 2009, en ökning med 43 %, skett en minskning av det totala antalet vårdtillfällen,från 90 tillfällen till 60 det vill säga en reduktion med 33 %. Detta har också fått till följd enhalvering av antalet vårdtillfällen per patient mellan dessa år. Det totala antalet vårddagarhar minskat från 971 till 543, en reduktion med 428 dagar eller 44 %. Detta har medfört attdet genomsnittliga antalet inneliggande dagar minskat från 17,3 till 6,8, en reduktion med 10,5 dagar eller 60 %. Det som dock kan ses som förvånande är att antalet patienter som inte kom hem eller anslöts till ASIH har ökat mellan dessa år, från 26 till 37, en ökning med 11 patienter eller 42 %. Orsaken kan sannolikt finnas i det som kallas för brytpunkten, ett tillfälle som ses som en gräns för ändring av innehållet i vården och som innebär attlivsförlängande insatser inte längre har effekt eller att effekten är marginell eller till och mednegativ för patienten. Studier visar att läkare tycker att det är svårt att tala om för en patientatt livet snart är slut och att de kurativa insatserna inte längre har effekt.

    Den kostnadskalkyl som gjort utifrån ovanstående data visar att den totala kostnaden för å r2003 var 2 225 532 (971 vårddagar x 2 292 kr/dygn) medan den för 2009 hade sjunkit tilltotalt 1 672 983 (543 vårddagar x 3 081 kr/dygn). Frågan som ställdes i denna rapport var omdet nya sättet att monitorera palliativa patienter var kostnadsbesparande. Utifrån ovanstående resultat är svaret entydigt ja - den har varit kostnadsbesparande förlandstinget. Mot denna kostnadsbesparing bör man också ställa intäkter eller effekter förpatienterna, i form av påverkan på deras livskvalitet. Genom monitoreringen finns såväl enkontinuerlig uppföljning som stor tillgänglighet för patienterna. Resurser sätts in efter varjepatients behov varför patienten inte behöver förlora så mycket av sin livskvalitet och sinakrafter. Om en inläggning dock måste göras blir vårdtiderna korta. Genom dennamonitorering kan patienterna delta i ”vardagslivets lunk” så länge som möjligt och dettaligger i linje med den palliativa vårdens filosofi. Jag har inga speciella skäl att anta attlivskvaliteten har blivit sämre trots att jag inte själv genomfört någon studie av detta.

    Att monitorera på detta sätt kan också vara ett svar på den fråga som Socialstyrelsenefterlyst om vad som kan göras för att minska eller förhindra onödig sjukhusvistelse. Jag seringa skäl till varför det här nya sättet att monitorera inte skulle vara möjligt även på andra orter eller sjukhus.

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  • 8.
    Ardalan, A.
    et al.
    Tehran University of Medical Sciences.
    Mazaheri, Monir
    Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden; Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
    Vanrooyen, M.
    Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, United States.
    Mowafi, H.
    Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, United States; Boston University, Cambridge, MA, United States.
    Nedjat, S.
    Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
    Naieni, K.H.
    Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
    Russel, M.
    University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
    Post-disaster quality of life among older survivors five years after the Bam earthquake: implications for recovery policy2011In: Ageing & Society, ISSN 0144-686X, E-ISSN 1469-1779, Vol. 31, no 2, p. 179-196Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Older people are among the most vulnerable in major disasters. In their aftermath, it is crucial to institute efforts that will maintain a high level of elders' quality of life (QoL). This paper presents QoL assessments of elderly survivors five years after the Bam earthquake in Iran, and evaluates the determinants. A cross-sectional analysis of 210 randomly-selected survivors was carried out in 2008 using the WHOQOL-BREF questionnaire. A comparison of the results with data on the general population showed that experiencing the earthquake may adversely affect psychological dimensions of QoL even five years after, but paradoxically the earthquake resulted in better social relationships in affected communities than in the general population. Lower QoL associated with female gender, higher age, living alone, severe earthquake-related injury, poor quality of living conditions, increased dependency in the activities of daily living, living in an urban area, and being temporarily housed. Recovery experts and donors should carry out long-term monitoring of health status and QoL in disaster-affected communities, with a focus on psychological wellbeing. Intervention programmes that emphasise post-disasterquality of care and satisfactory housing may lead to better QoL of the victims and may shorten the recovery phase.

  • 9.
    Ardalan, Ali
    et al.
    Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
    Mazaheri, Monir
    Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.
    VanRooyen, Michael
    Harvard University, Boston, USA.
    Teimoori, Fariba
    University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
    Abbasi, Reza
    Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
    Impact of the Bam Earthquake, 26 December 2003, on Activities of Daily Living and Instrumental Activities of Daily Living of Older People2011In: Prehospital and Disaster Medicine, ISSN 1049-023X, E-ISSN 1945-1938, Vol. 26, no 2, p. 99-108Article in journal (Refereed)
  • 10.
    ARDALAN, ALI
    et al.
    School of Public Health and Institute of Public Health Research, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
    Mazaheri, Monir
    Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden..
    KOUROSH, HOLAKOUIE NAIENI
    School of Public Health and Institute of Public Health Research, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran..
    REZAIE, MOHSEN
    School of Public Health and Institute of Public Health Research, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran..
    TEIMOORI, FARIBA
    Iranian Research Centre on Ageing, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
    POURMALEK, FARSHAD
    Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran..
    Older people´s needs following major disasters: a qualitative study of Iranian elders´ experiences of the Bam earthquake2010In: Ageing & Society, ISSN 0144-686X, E-ISSN 1469-1779, Vol. 30, p. 11-23Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Elders have long been recognised as among the most vulnerable people in disaster events. This paper reports a qualitative study of the self-perceived needs of older people in the aftermath of the Bam earthquake in Iran in 2003. A total of 56 people aged from 65 to 88 years were recruited to the study using purposive sampling, including 29 men and 27 women. Six focus group discussions and ten semi-structured individual interviews were conducted. Each focus group involved six to ten people from the cities of Bam and Baravat and their rural suburbs. Content analysis was used to analyse the transcribed data. The analysis identified four major themes among the informants' concerns: inappropriate service delivery, affronts to dignity, feeling insecure and emotional distress. A disaster-prone country like Iran needs to be appropriately prepared with culturally sensitive plans to meet the needs of those who suffer from their effects, not least older people. Emergency relief managers should note that for many older people in a disaster zone, customary forms of relief are neither required nor appropriate, and that their distinctive immediate and long-term needs should be assessed and met. Relief agencies need to be trained to be age-sensitive and should mainstream older people's rights in the planning and implementation of both the response and recovery phases of assistance.

  • 11.
    Astnell, Sandra
    et al.
    Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
    von Thiele Schwarz, Ulrica
    Karolinska Institutet.
    Hasson, Henna
    Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Augustsson, Hanna
    Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Stenfors-Hayes, Terese
    Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Integrating health promotion with quality improvement in a Swedish hospital2015In: Health Promotion International, ISSN 0957-4824, E-ISSN 1460-2245, Vol. 31, no 3, p. 495-504Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Integration of workplace employee health promotion (HP) and occupational health and safety (OHS) work into organizational quality improvement systems is suggested as a way to strengthen HP and OHS activities in an organization. The aim of this article was to study what consequences integration of HP, OHS and a quality improvement system called kaizen has on the frequency and type of HP and OHS activities. A quasi-experimental study design was used where an integration of the three systems for HP, OHS respectively kaizen, was performed at six intervention units at a Swedish hospital. The remaining six units served as controls. Document analysis of all employees' written improvement suggestions (kaizen notes) during 2013 was conducted. The findings show that the intervention group had more suggestions concerning HP and OHS (n = 114) when compared with the control group (n = 78) and a greater variety of HP and OHS suggestions. In addition, only the intervention group had included HP aspects. In both groups, most kaizen notes with health consideration had a preventive focus rather than rehabilitative. The intervention, i.e. the integration of HP, OHS and kaizen work, had a favourable effect on HP and OHS work when compared with the controls. The results of the study support that this system can work in practice at hospitals.

  • 12. Athlin, Muntlin Å
    et al.
    Farrokhnia, N
    von Thiele Schwarz, Ulrica
    Mälardalen University, School of Health, Care and Social Welfare, Health and Welfare. Karolinska Institutet, Sweden.
    Teamwork in the emergency department-a systematic evaluation of a new working routine2011Conference paper (Refereed)
  • 13.
    Aytar, Osman
    Mälardalen University, School of Health, Care and Social Welfare, Health and Welfare.
    ”Ja, så tänker vi också …”: – Ett programteoretiskt perspektiv på det nationella Lärandeprojektet – Vård på lika villkor2015In: Socialmedicinsk Tidskrift, ISSN 0037-833X, E-ISSN 2000-4192, Vol. 92, no 2, p. 116-131Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Developing a program theory for a project and evaluate the project based on this program theory has both its merits and limitations. These merits and limitations in turn may be depend on the existing attitude towards a particular program theory. This study is about exploring how different phases and parts of the national learning project Care on equal terms (2011-2014) functioned in relation to the program theory developed in the beginning of the project. The result shows that the program theoretical perspective on the project contributed to a better structuring of the various forms of evaluation, given a broader understanding of the project's components and provided better opportunities to improve monitoring of the project by the research team in collaboration with the project management of the Swedish Association of Local Authorities and Regions (SALAR) and the participating health care units.

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    bilaga
  • 14.
    Aytar, Osman
    et al.
    Mälardalen University, School of Health, Care and Social Welfare, Health and Welfare.
    Söderlund, Anne
    Mälardalen University, School of Health, Care and Social Welfare, Health and Welfare.
    Att utvärdera med processtänkande för lärande2015In: Socialmedicinsk Tidskrift, ISSN 0037-833X, E-ISSN 2000-4192, Vol. 92, no 2, p. 162-175Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Change-projects can be evaluated in different ways. One of the ways is to evaluate with process thinking, which means that evaluators are involved in the process from the very beginning. Involvement of evaluators already in the beginning of a project can mean several challenges for both the project itself and the evaluators. This study is about describing and analyzing how and with what results the perspective of process thinking on evaluation of the national learning project Care on equal terms was used. The results indicate, among other things, that it was a good choice to bring in evaluation perspective at the beginning of the project. Process thinking has, among other things, contributed to the activities throughout the project, and played a role in learning from and implementation of the project itself.

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    fulltext
  • 15.
    Aytar, Osman
    et al.
    Mälardalen University, School of Health, Care and Social Welfare, Health and Welfare.
    Tillgren, Per
    Mälardalen University, School of Health, Care and Social Welfare, Health and Welfare.
    Söderlund, Anne
    Mälardalen University, School of Health, Care and Social Welfare, Health and Welfare.
    Bogg, Lennart
    Mälardalen University, School of Health, Care and Social Welfare, Health and Welfare.
    Akhavan, Sharareh
    Mälardalen University, School of Health, Care and Social Welfare, Health and Welfare.
    Health Care Provider’s Perceptions about and Experiences of Achieving Equitable Health Care: An Evaluation Study2017In: Quality in Primary Care, ISSN 1479-1072, E-ISSN 1479-1064, Vol. 25, no 5, p. 289-296Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Background: In June 2011 the Swedish government signed an agreement with The Swedish Association of Local Authorities and Regions (SALAR), for a three year project to develop and implement “Health care on equal terms.” The project, which involved seven Primary Health Care Units (PHCU) from five county councils in different parts in Sweden, was completed in early 2014. The aim of the project was to develop methods and activities that could promote more equal health care provision in socio-economically disadvantaged areas.

    Aim: To assess and compare health care providers’ experiences of and perceptions about equitable health care at the beginning and end of the national project “Health care on equal terms”.

    Methods: A web survey was sent to all staff at the seven participating Primary Health Care Units (PHCU) at the beginning (2012) and the end (2013) of the project. Data were analyzed with descriptive statistics and the open issues with content analysis.

    Results: In 2013, the percentage of health care providers who reported thinking patients’ ethnicity had no or very little impact on access to care increased, but the proportion of those who reported that they had “no idea” that patients’ gender, age, mental health and physical functioning were significant for access to care was lower in 2013 than in 2012. The results from analysis of the open-ended questions did not show meaningful changes in the respondents’ perceptions of the issues addressed in 2012-2013, but the analysis contributes to a deeper explanation of the answers.

    Conclusion: The main conclusion is that it was possible to implement changes aiming for more equitable care through projects with a focus on learning.

  • 16.
    Bjurling-Sjöberg, Petronella
    et al.
    Uppsala universitet, Sweden.
    Wadensten, Barbro
    Uppsala universitet,Sweden.
    Pöder, Ulrika
    Uppsala universitet, Sweden.
    Jansson, Inger
    Göteborgs universitet, Sweden.
    Nordgren, Lena
    Uppsala universitet, Sweden.
    Struggling for a feasible tool - the process of implementing a clinical pathway in intensive care: A grounded theory study2018In: BMC Health Services Research, E-ISSN 1472-6963, Vol. 18, article id 831Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Background: Clinical pathways can enhance care quality, promote patient safety and optimize resource utilization. However, they are infrequently utilized in intensive care. This study aimed to explain the implementation process of a clinical pathway based on a bottom-up approach in an intensive care context.

    Methods: The setting was an 11-bed general intensive care unit in Sweden. An action research project was conducted to implement a clinical pathway for patients on mechanical ventilation. The project was managed by a local interprofessional core group and was externally facilitated by two researchers. Grounded theory was used by the researchers to explain the implementation process. The sampling in the study was purposeful and theoretical and included registered nurses (n31), assistant nurses (n26), anesthesiologists (n11), a physiotherapist (n1), first- and second-line managers (n2), and health records from patients on mechanical ventilation (n136). Data were collected from 2011 to 2016 through questionnaires, repeated focus groups, individual interviews, logbooks/field notes and health records. Constant comparative analysis was conducted, including both qualitative data and descriptive statistics from the quantitative data.

    Results: A conceptual model of the clinical pathway implementation process emerged, and a central phenomenon, which was conceptualized as 'Struggling for a feasible tool,' was the core category that linked all categories. The phenomenon evolved from the 'Triggers' ('Perceiving suboptimal practice' and 'Receiving external inspiration and support'), pervaded the 'Implementation process' ('Contextual circumstances,' 'Processual circumstances' and 'Negotiating to achieve progress'), and led to the process 'Output' ('Varying utilization' and 'Improvements in understanding and practice'). The categories included both facilitating and impeding factors that made the implementation process tentative and prolonged but also educational.

    Conclusions: The findings provide a novel understanding of a bottom-up implementation of a clinical pathway in an intensive care context. Despite resonating well with existing implementation frameworks/theories, the conceptual model further illuminates the complex interaction between different circumstances and negotiations and how this interplay has consequences for the implementation process and output. The findings advocate a bottom-up approach but also emphasize the need for strategic priority, interprofessional participation, skilled facilitators and further collaboration.

  • 17.
    Christensson, Kyllike
    et al.
    Mälardalen University, Department of Caring and Public Health Sciences. Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Odberg Pettersson, K.
    Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Bugalho, A.
    Maputo Central Hospital, Mozambique.
    Cunha, M.M.
    Maputo Central Hospital, Mozambique.
    Dgedge, C.
    Maputo Central Hospital, Mozambique.
    Johansson, E.
    Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Bergstrom, S.
    Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
    The challenge of improving perinatal care in settings with limited resources: Observations of midwifery practices in Mozambique2006In: African Journal of Reproductive Health, ISSN 1118-4841, Vol. 10, no 1, p. 47-61Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The aim of this study was to observe and analyse midwifery care routines related to asphyxia and hypothermia during the perinatal period and to investigate the effect of an in-service education program. A direct non-participant pre- and post-intervention observation study of midwifery a performance during childbirth was conducted at a labour ward in Maputo. The observed groups consisted of 702 and 616 midwifery-attended deliveries. Examination was also conducted of the partographs (702 vs. 616). The quality of midwifery care related to prevention and early detection of asphyxia and hypothermia was found to be inadequate and the intervention had no significant effect upon the midwives' performances. This could be attributed to the quality of the intervention itself or to failure of implementing managerial decisions such as transfer of partograph documentation from obstetricians to midwives. Change in professional performance does not automatically follow awareness of evidence-based midwifery practices, but requires behavioural change, which may be more difficult to achieve.

  • 18.
    Dong, Hengjin
    et al.
    Zhejiang University, Center for Health Policy Studies, China.
    Duan, Shengnan
    Zhejiang University, Center for Health Policy Studies, China.
    Bogg, Lennart
    Mälardalen University, School of Health, Care and Social Welfare, Health and Welfare. Karolinska institutet, Global health, Sweden.
    Wu, Yuan
    Zhejiang University, Center for Health Policy Studies, China.
    You, Hua
    Zhejiang University, Center for Health Policy Studies, China.
    Chen, Jinhua
    Zhejiang University, Center for Health Policy Studies, China.
    Ye, Xujun
    Zhejiang University, Center for Health Policy Studies, China.
    Seccombe, Karen
    School of Community Health, Portland State University, Portland, Oregon, USA.
    Yu, Hai
    Zhejiang University, Center for Health Policy Studies, China.
    The impact of expanded health system reform on governmental contributions and individual copayments in the new Chinese rural cooperative medical system2016In: International Journal of Health Planning and Management, ISSN 0749-6753, E-ISSN 1099-1751, Vol. 31, no 1, p. 36-48Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    In 2002, the Chinese central government created a new rural cooperative medical system (NCMS), ensuring that both central and local governments partner with rural residents to reduce their copayments, thus making healthcare more affordable. Yet, significant gaps in health status and healthcare utilization persisted between urban and rural communities. Therefore, in 2009, healthcare reform was expanded, with (i) increased government financing and (ii) sharply reduced individual copayments for outpatient and inpatient care. Analyzing data from China's Ministry of Health, the Rural Cooperative Information Network, and Statistical Yearbooks, our findings suggest that healthcare reform has reached its preliminary objectives-government financing has grown significantly in most rural provinces, especially those in poorer western and central China, and copayments in most rural provinces have been reduced. Significant intraprovincial inequality of support remains. The central government contributes more money for poor provinces than for rich ones; however, NCMS schemes operate at the county level, which vary significantly in their level of economic development and per capital gross domestic products (GDP) within a province. Data reveal that the compensation ratios for both outpatient and inpatient care are not adjusted to compensate for a rural county's level of economic development or per capita GDP. Consequently, a greater financial burden for healthcare persists among persons in the poorest rural regions. A recommendation for next step in healthcare reform is to pool resources at prefectural/municipal level and also adjust central government contributions according to the GDP level at prefectural/municipal level.

  • 19.
    Engström, Johanna
    Mälardalen University, School of Health, Care and Social Welfare.
    En mer jämlik tobaksavvänjning: En kvalitativ intervjustudie i Landstinget Sörmland2018Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
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  • 20.
    Fagerberg, Ingegerd
    Mälardalen University, Department of Caring and Public Health Sciences. Karolinska Institutet, Sweden.
    Registered nurses, work experiences: personal accounts integrated with professional identity2004In: Journal of Advanced Nursing, ISSN 0309-2402, Vol. 46, no 3, p. 284-291Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    BACKGROUND: The work context is important for the development of Registered Nurses' skills and identity as professionals, but the work context and organization can also hinder their professional development. AIM: This paper reports a study whose purpose was to understand the meaning of Registered Nurses' narratives of their work experience 5 years after graduation. RESEARCH METHOD: Data were collected in 2001 from interviews with 16 Registered Nurses 5 years after graduation and analysed using a phenomenological hermeneutic method, influenced by the philosophy of Paul Ricoeur. RESULTS: Analyses of the narratives resulted in three themes: 'The meaning of caring and protection of patients', 'The meaning of work organization in nurses' work' and 'The implied meaning of using one's individual attributes in one's professional role'. Since the number of nurses participating in the study is small, it is important to re-contextualize the results when transferring them to other contexts. CONCLUSIONS: There is a complex interrelationship between the health care organization, individual attributes of nurses (including self-esteem) and patient care. Provision of adequate resources and support for nurses' professional and personal development is needed to ensure high quality patient care, and these are political issues.

  • 21.
    Finer, David
    et al.
    Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Tillgren, Per
    Mälardalen University, Department of Social Sciences. Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Guldbrandssom, Karin
    Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Haglund, Bo JA
    Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Implementation of a Health Impact Assessment (HIA) tool in a regional organization in Sweden – a feasibility study.2005In: Health Promotion International, ISSN 0957-4824, Vol. 20, no 3, p. 277-284Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    During the last decade, Health Impact Assessment (HIA) has been discussed worldwide as being an important tool for the development of healthy public policy. In Sweden, the Swedish Federation of County Councils and the Swedish Association of Local Authorities have taken the initiative to and are responsible for the development of an HIA tool concerning proposed policy decisions at local and regional levels. The HIA tool was developed as three different templates to be adapted to local conditions and needs: the Health Question, the Health Matrix and the Health Impact Analysis. In this paper we present a feasibility study of the experiences of implementing this HIA tool at regional level in a Health Care District (SWHCD) of Stockholm County Council, based on an inductive approach and on principles of data triangulation. The main findings include the need for continuous revision of the HIA templates during the pilot period. The following factors were instrumental in successfully using the HIA tool in local policy making and management: political consensus, agreement between politicians and public officials on political intentions, a clear-cut decision from management, and offering an opportunity for training. Respondents felt that all public officials should use the HIA as part of their normal work routines. In conclusion, the HIA tool has to be locally adapted and the implementation process has to include close collaboration between politicians and public officials and be followed by continuing education, providing possibilities for a dialogue around the HIA tool, in order to ensure the quality of the instrument. Implications of the study are that the process of developing the tool has worked well but that the possible impacts of its use in this case remain an open question. However, this was not the focus of our study.

  • 22.
    Frykman, Mandus
    et al.
    Karolinska Institutet, Sweden.
    von Thiele Schwarz, Ulrica
    Karolinska Institutet, Sweden.
    Muntlin Athlin, Åsa
    Uppsala Universitet, Sweden.
    Hasson, Henna
    Karolinska Institutet, Sweden.
    Mazzocato, Pamela
    Karolinska Institutet, Sweden.
    The work is never ending: uncovering teamwork sustainability using realistic evaluation2017In: Journal of Health Organization & Management, ISSN 1477-7266, E-ISSN 1758-7247, Vol. 31, no 1, p. 64-81Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Purpose-The purpose of this paper is to uncover the mechanisms influencing the sustainability of behavior changes following the implementation of teamwork. Design/methodology/approach-Realistic evaluation was combined with a framework (DCOM®) based on applied behavior analysis to study the sustainability of behavior changes two and a half years after the initial implementation of teamworkat an emergency department. The DCOM® framework was used to categorize the mechanisms of behavior change interventions (BCIs) into the four categories of direction, competence, opportunity, and motivation. Non-participant observation and interview data were used. Findings-The teamwork behaviors were not sustained. A substantial fallback in managerial activities in combination with a complex context contributed to reduced direction, opportunity, and motivation. Reduced direction made staff members unclear about how and why they should work in teams. Deterioration of opportunity was evident from the lack of problem-solving resources resulting in accumulated barriers to teamwork. Motivation in terms of management support and feedback was reduced. Practical implications-The implementation of complex organizational changes in complex healthcare contexts requires continuous adaption and managerial activities well beyond the initial implementation period. Originality/value-By integrating the DCOM® framework with realistic evaluation, this study responds to the call for theoretically based research on behavioral mechanisms that can explain how BCIs interact with context and how this interaction influences sustainability.

  • 23.
    Granlund, Anna
    et al.
    Mälardalen University, School of Innovation, Design and Engineering, Innovation and Product Realisation.
    Wiktorsson, Magnus
    Mälardalen University, School of Innovation, Design and Engineering, Innovation and Product Realisation.
    Automation in Healthcare Internal Logistics: A Case Study on Practice and Potential2013In: International Journal of Innovation and Technology Management (IJITM), ISSN 0219-8770, Vol. 10, no 2Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The current demographic development puts even greater demands on the healthcare sector which already struggle with scarce resources and constant pressure of cost reductions. This paper aims at through a multiple case study describe how automation of hospital internal logistics can be a tool in improving the efficiency. The results include several potential implementations for patient transports, waste handling and small goods transports. However, organizational issues as lack of ownership and a strategic view render difficulties and needs to be dealt with. The authors conclude that transfer of knowledge and technology used in manufacturing industry would be beneficial. 

  • 24.
    Gustafsson, Gunnel
    et al.
    Mälardalen University, School of Health, Care and Social Welfare. Mälardalen University, School of Health, Care and Social Welfare, Health and Welfare.
    Aytar, Osman
    Mälardalen University, School of Health, Care and Social Welfare. Mälardalen University, School of Health, Care and Social Welfare, Health and Welfare.
    Akhavan, Sharareh
    Mälardalen University, School of Health, Care and Social Welfare. Mälardalen University, School of Health, Care and Social Welfare, Health and Welfare.
    Bogg, Lennart
    Mälardalen University, School of Health, Care and Social Welfare. Mälardalen University, School of Health, Care and Social Welfare, Health and Welfare.
    Söderlund, Anne
    Mälardalen University, School of Health, Care and Social Welfare. Mälardalen University, School of Health, Care and Social Welfare, Health and Welfare.
    Tillgren, Per
    Mälardalen University, School of Health, Care and Social Welfare. Mälardalen University, School of Health, Care and Social Welfare, Health and Welfare.
    Områdesbeskrivningar av sju vårdverksamheter: Primärvårdens förutsättningar och befolkningens vårdbehov2014Report (Other academic)
    Abstract [sv]

    Lärandeprojektet Vård på lika villkor har varit en överenskommelse mellan staten och Sveriges Kommuner och Landsting som pågått mellan 2011 och 2014. Målet med projektet har varit att utveckla arbetssätt och metoder som kan främja en mer jämlik första linjens vård. Inom ramen för projektet har SKL uppdragit åt forskare vid Mälardalens högskola att göra områdesbeskrivningar för de sju medverkande vårdverksamheterna.

    Syftet med områdesbeskrivningarna är försöka ge en jämförbar beskrivning av de medverkande sju verksamheterna i projektet. Beskrivningen är gjord utifrån relevant statistik och demografi ska data på patientnivå, samt utifrån organisatoriska förutsättningar och resurser. Förhoppningen är att dessa uppgifter kan ge ökad förståelse för vilka patienter som fi nns i området och fungera som ett stöd i arbetet för en mer jämlik vård.

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  • 25.
    Gustafsson, Gunnel
    et al.
    Mälardalen University, School of Health, Care and Social Welfare, Health and Welfare.
    Aytar, Osman
    Mälardalen University, School of Health, Care and Social Welfare, Health and Welfare.
    Tillgren, Per
    Mälardalen University, School of Health, Care and Social Welfare, Health and Welfare.
    Primärvårdens förutsättningar och befolkningens behov i sju vårdverksamheter2015In: Socialmedicinsk Tidskrift, ISSN 0037-833X, E-ISSN 2000-4192, Vol. 92, no 2, p. 132-143Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Developing a program theory for a project and evaluate the project based on this program theory has both its merits and limitations. These merits and limitations in turn may be depend on the existing attitude towards a particular program theory. This study is about exploring how different phases and parts of the national learning project Care on equal terms (2011-2014) functioned in relation to the program theory developed in the beginning of the project. The result shows that the program theoretical perspective on the project contributed to a better structuring of the various forms of evaluation, given a broader understanding of the project's components and provided better opportunities to improve monitoring of the project by the research team in collaboration with the project management of the Swedish Association of Local Authorities and Regions (SALAR) and the participating health care units.

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  • 26.
    Hafskjold, L.
    et al.
    Buskerud and Vestfold University College, Drammen, Norway.
    Sundler, Annelie
    Mälardalen University, School of Health, Care and Social Welfare, Health and Welfare.
    Holmström, Inger K.
    Mälardalen University, School of Health, Care and Social Welfare, Health and Welfare.
    Sundling, V.
    Buskerud and Vestfold University College, Drammen, Norway.
    Van Dulmen, S.
    Buskerud and Vestfold University College, Drammen, Norway.
    Eide, H.
    Buskerud and Vestfold University College, Drammen, Norway.
    A cross-sectional study on person-centred communication in the care of older people: the COMHOME study protocol2015In: BMJ Open, E-ISSN 2044-6055, Vol. 5, no 4, article id e007864Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Introduction: This paper presents an international cross-sectional study on person-centred communication with older people receiving healthcare (COMHOME). Person-centred care relies on effective communication, but few studies have explored this with a specific focus on older people. The main aim of the COMHOME study is to generate knowledge on person-centred communication with older people (>65 years) in home healthcare services, radiographic and optometric practice. Methods and analysis: This study will explore the communication between care providers and older persons in home care services. Home healthcare visits will be audiorecorded (n=500) in Norway, the Netherlands and Sweden. Analyses will be performed with the Verona Coding Definitions for Emotional Sequences (VR-CoDES), the Roter Interaction Analysis System (RIAS) and qualitative methods. The content of the communication, communicative challenging situations as well as empathy, power distance, decision-making, preservation of dignity and respect will be explored. In Norway, an additional 100 encounters, 50 in optometric practice (video recorded) and 50 in radiographic practice (audiorecorded), will be analysed. Furthermore, healthcare providers' self-reported communication skills, empathy, mindfulness and emotional intelligence in relation to observed person-centred communication skills will be assessed using well-established standardised instruments. Ethics and dissemination: Depending on national legislation, approval of either the central ethical committees (eg, nation or university), the national data protection officials or the local ethical committees (eg, units of home healthcare) was obtained. Study findings will be disseminated widely through peer-reviewed publications and conference presentations. The research findings will add knowledge to improve services provided to this vulnerable group of patients. Additionally, the findings will underpin a training programme for healthcare students and care providers focusing on communication with older people. 

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  • 27.
    Henriksson, Joel
    Mälardalen University, School of Innovation, Design and Engineering.
    The Cells' Journey: A Study On Karolinska's Management Of CAR-T Cells.2022Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (Two Years)), 20 credits / 30 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Karolinska University Hospital's problem regarding the CAR-T cells' journey has been impacting thetreatment of patients and therefore a solution was in dire need to be presented. Visual mappingmethods have been used to review and map the journey with the aim of identifying factors that seemto be impacted. Previous research concerns user journey mapping, mapping methods andcollaboration theories. To carry out the mapping of the cells' journey, semi-structured interviews werecarried out with selected experts within the research area. These experts consisted of the unit managerat the apheresis clinic at Karolinska, a medically responsible researcher at the apheresis clinic atKarolinska and a senior patient operation manager at Bristol Myers Squibb. Their expertise andexperiences were the basis for the visual mapping, and this provided deep insights into the researcharea where the problem has been identified. Lastly, the data was mapped to create a visual map oftheir current management approach regarding CAR-T cell therapy where their experiences around theproblems could be identified. As a result, a solution to the identified factors that expose the cells tothe risks is presented with several visual maps and a proposed solution for a redesign withinKarolinska.

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  • 28.
    Hidman, Karin
    et al.
    Mälardalen University, School of Health, Care and Social Welfare.
    Jahr, Catarina
    Mälardalen University, School of Health, Care and Social Welfare.
    Copingstrategier hos personer som varit sjukskrivna mellan 3 och 6 månader2011Independent thesis Basic level (university diploma), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Background: People with musculoskeletal and mental disorders account for 57% of sick leave in Västerås. The majority of these are women. It has become more common in rehabilitation that also to take into account psychological aspects, such as coping strategies. Objective: To identify the most prevalent coping strategies in persons on sick leave between 3 and 6 months and to analyze possible differences in coping strategies between men and women as well as between people with mental and  musculoskeletal disorders. Method: A questionnaire-based descriptive cross-sectional study. A convenience sample was invited to participate the sample was recruited in cooperation with Sjukskrivningskommittén and Försäkringskassan in Västerås. Eighty persons were asked for participation of which 40 were on sick leave due to mental disorders and 40 due to musculoskeletal disorders. Results/Conclusion: Twenty people participated in the study. Of these were 17 women and three were men. Of those, 16 people had a musculoskeletal disorder and four had a mental disorder. The most prevalent coping strategies within the group long-term sickness was increasing activity, pain anxiety and self-reinforcing. People with musculoskeletal disorders had more catastrophizing thoughts than people with mental disorders. No difference between men and women were possible to analyse because the gender distribution among the participants were uneven. The small sample size and high drop- out rate does not allow any absolute conclusions based on the study results.

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  • 29.
    Hoffstedt, C.
    et al.
    Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Health Services Research, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
    Fredriksson, M.
    Department of Journalism, Media and Communication, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
    Winblad, U.
    Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Health Services Research, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
    Holmström, Inger K.
    Mälardalen University, School of Health, Care and Social Welfare, Health and Welfare.
    Choosing not to choose—Patients' justification of a disengaged choice of primary care provider2023In: Social Policy & Administration, ISSN 0144-5596, E-ISSN 1467-9515, Vol. 7, p. 1014-1031Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    A key underpinning of choice of health care provider is that patients make active and informed decisions which stimulate quality competition. By imitating the principles of a market in the steering of health care, patients thus assume the role of consumers. Few patients however neither consider alternative providers nor seek information about quality. The aim of this study was to investigate if and how patients engage in the role of being active and informed consumers in the setting of primary care, and how they argue for their choice. The study was based on semi-structured interviews with 18 respondents in a municipality in mid-Sweden. Respondents were purposefully sampled and interviews were analysed using an inductive thematic approach. Findings demonstrated that patients disengaged from choice by arguing, for instance, that they were satisfied with their current provider or because they perceived no differences in quality. Overall, results were in line with previous studies performed in US and European hospital settings, indicating that patients present some similar arguments regarding disengagement from choice irrespective of level of care or geographical setting. Arguments specifically related to the primary care level were that patients found it more important to achieve continuity in the patient-doctor relationship than ‘shopping around’ for the best provider, or that they desired more profiled services to actively make a choice. In contrast to previous literature, patients refuted the ‘patient-consumer’ role by referring to, for instance, the belief that care should be of equal quality independent of what choice they made. 

  • 30.
    Hollmark, Malin
    et al.
    Uppsala universitet, Industriell teknik.
    Lefevre Skjöldebrand, Anna
    Andersson, Christoffer
    Uppsala universitet, Industriell teknik.
    Lindblad, Ragnar
    Technology Ready to be Launched, but is there a Payer?: Challenges for Implementing eHealth in Sweden2015In: Studies in Health Technology and Informatics, ISSN 0926-9630, E-ISSN 1879-8365, Vol. 211, p. 57-68Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The development of a sustainable, high-quality, affordable health care is today a high priority for many actors in the society. This is to ensure that we will continue to afford to care for the growing portion of elderly in our population. One solution is to enable the individual's power over her own health or illness, and participation in her own care. There are evidently opportunities with the rapid development of eHealth and wearable sensors. Tracking and measuring vital data can help to keep people out of the hospital. Loads of data is generated to help us understand disease, to provide us with early diagnostics and warnings. It is providing us with possibilities to collect and capture the true health status of individuals. Successful technologies demonstrate savings, acceptance among users and improved access to healthcare. But there are also challenges. Implementing new technologies in health care is difficult. Researchers from around the world are reporting on similar problems, such as reimbursement, interoperability, usability and regulatory issues. This paper will discuss a few of these implementation challenges as well as a few of the efforts in meeting them. To conclude, eHealth solutions can contribute to patient empowerment and a sustainable health care. Our assumption is however, that as long as we do not face the implementation challenges and invest in overcoming the pressing obstacles, society will not be able, or willing, to pay for the solutions.

  • 31. Hoppe, J.A
    et al.
    Johansson-Pajala, Rose-Marie
    Mälardalen University, School of Health, Care and Social Welfare, Health and Welfare.
    Gustafsson, Christine
    Mälardalen University, School of Health, Care and Social Welfare, Health and Welfare.
    Melkas, H.
    Tuisku, O.
    Pekkarinen, S.
    Hennala, L.
    Technologieorientierung zu Assistenzrobotik – Welche Akzeptanz besteht bei der Einführung von Assistenzrobotik für die Pflege älterer Menschen?2020In: Industrie 4.0 Management, ISSN 2364-9208, Vol. 2Article in journal (Other academic)
  • 32.
    Hoppe, Julia A.
    et al.
    University of Paderborn, Germany.
    Johansson-Pajala, Rose-Marie
    Mälardalen University, School of Health, Care and Social Welfare, Health and Welfare.
    Gustafsson, Christine
    Mälardalen University, School of Health, Care and Social Welfare, Health and Welfare.
    Melkas, Helinä
    Lappeenranta-Lahti University of technology, Finland.
    Tuisku, Outi
    Lappeenranta-Lahti University of technology, Finland.
    Pekkarinen, Satu
    Lappeenranta-Lahti University of technology, Finland.
    Hennala, Lea
    Lappeenranta-Lahti University of technology, Finland.
    Thommes, Kirsten
    University of Paderborn, Germany.
    Assistive robots in care: Expectations and pereceptions of older people2020In: Aging between Participation and Simulation, De Gruyter Open, 2020, p. 139-156Chapter in book (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    This chapter analyzes older people’s expectations and perceptions about welfare technology and in particular about robots in elderly care. Assistive robots may serve as a means to prolonged autonomy in old age as well as support for nursing staff. Justified by a rapid change in the health care sector, the need to focus on user driven and not technology driven development of assistive robots must be emphasized to ensure an adequate and sustainable orientation process toward assistive robots. This study presents an inventory of the expectations and perceptions of older people regarding assistive robots, by conducting a qualitative approach with focus group discussions. Our findings reveal that seven themes in particular need to be addressed in order to improve older people’s perceptions of robot technology: (1) independence and safety, (2) physical and mental assistance, (3) communication and socialization, (4) relief to nursing staff, (5) individual’s right to decide, (6) data protection, and (7) liability. Additionally, the focus group interviews stress that dissemination of information on how robots can provide assistance may change older people’s attitudes towards technology

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  • 33.
    Höglund, Linda
    et al.
    Mälardalen University, School of Business, Society and Engineering. Mälardalen University, School of Business, Society and Engineering, Industrial Economics and Organisation. School of Business, Society and Engineering (EST), Mälardalen University.
    Mårtensson, Maria
    School of Business and Economics, Linnaeus University, Sweden.
    Pia, Nylinder
    School of Business and Economics, Linnaeus University, Sweden.
    Performance measurement as a Tool for Performance Management in politically govern Healthcare: The Case of Region Stockholm2021Manuscript (preprint) (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    Purpose: The purpose of the paper is to bridge the knowledge gap regarding our understanding of the relationship between political governance, performance measurements and performance management.

    Design/methodology/approach: An interpretative longitudinal case study including qualitative methods of document studies and interviews collected between 2017 and 2019. The interviews have involved both politicians, officials, and professionals.

    Findings: Our results show e.g. politicians' intention with performance management, how goal management and measurements are used as a tool and interpreted by public managers. A conclusion drawn in relation to our findings is that different political agendas and views of performance management tend to contribute to many and detailed performance measurements, the measurements are separated from operative performance management, it also contributes to a short-term perspective and a lack of a holistic view.

    Originality/value: Few have with qualitative methods empirically studied the relationship between political governance, performance measurements and performance management.

  • 34.
    Ingvarsson, Sara
    et al.
    Karolinska Institutet, Sweden.
    Hasson, Henna
    Unit for implementation and evaluation, Center for Epidemiology and Community Medicine (CES), Sweden.
    von Thiele Schwarz, Ulrica
    Mälardalen University, School of Health, Care and Social Welfare, Health and Welfare. Procome Research Group, Medical Management Centre, Department of Learning, Informatics, Management and Ethics, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska, Sweden.
    Nilsen, Per
    Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Division of Public Health, Linköping University, Sweden.
    Powell, Byron J.
    Division of Infectious Diseases, John T. Milliken Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, United States.
    Lindberg, C.
    Karolinska Institutet, Sweden.
    Augustsson, H.
    Karolinska Institutet, Sweden.
    Strategies for de-implementation of low-value care—a scoping review2022In: Implementation Science, E-ISSN 1748-5908, Vol. 17, no 1, article id 73Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Background: The use of low-value care (LVC) is a persistent problem that calls for knowledge about strategies for de-implementation. However, studies are dispersed across many clinical fields, and there is no overview of strategies that can be used to support the de-implementation of LVC. The extent to which strategies used for implementation are also used in de-implementing LVC is unknown. The aim of this scoping review is to (1) identify strategies for the de-implementation of LVC described in the scientific literature and (2) compare de-implementation strategies to implementation strategies as specified in the Expert Recommendation for Implementing Change (ERIC) and strategies added by Perry et al. Method: A scoping review was conducted according to recommendations outlined by Arksey and O’Malley. Four scientific databases were searched, relevant articles were snowball searched, and the journal Implementation Science was searched manually for peer-reviewed journal articles in English. Articles were included if they were empirical studies of strategies designed to reduce the use of LVC. Two reviewers conducted all abstract and full-text reviews, and conflicting decisions were discussed until consensus was reached. Data were charted using a piloted data-charting form. The strategies were first coded inductively and then mapped onto the ERIC compilation of implementation strategies. Results: The scoping review identified a total of 71 unique de-implementation strategies described in the literature. Of these, 62 strategies could be mapped onto ERIC strategies, and four strategies onto one added category. Half (50%) of the 73 ERIC implementation strategies were used for de-implementation purposes. Five identified de-implementation strategies could not be mapped onto any of the existing strategies in ERIC. Conclusions: Similar strategies are used for de-implementation and implementation. However, only a half of the implementation strategies included in the ERIC compilation were represented in the de-implementation studies, which may imply that some strategies are being underused or that they are not applicable for de-implementation purposes. The strategies assess and redesign workflow (a strategy previously suggested to be added to ERIC), accountability tool, and communication tool (unique new strategies for de-implementation) could complement the existing ERIC compilation when used for de-implementation purposes.

  • 35.
    Jansson, Katarina
    et al.
    Mälardalen University, School of Health, Care and Social Welfare.
    Fernström, Linda
    Mälardalen University, School of Health, Care and Social Welfare.
    Kommunala chefers medvetenhet om påverkan på och ansvaret för medarbetarnas hälsa2008Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 points / 15 hpStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Changes in working life, such as higher demands, increase the importance of health promotion in this arena. Several studies show the great importance of leadership, but only a few studies look into the awareness among leaders about their influence on their subordinates’ health. The leader’s self-awareness about their own leadership has a great impact on the health of subordinates; in fact, the leader is the out most important factor for the working environment in several workplaces. The aim of this study is to explore the view on health, the awareness of the impact of leadership on the health of subordinates and to examine the sense of responsibility for the health of subordinates among municipality leaders. The subject was approached by using a qualitative study method with semi structured personal interviews. The result shows that all respondents regard good health to be an important element of a good life and value good health highly. The awareness about how leadership influences the health of the subordinates varies among the respondents. The awareness of the leadership’s impact exists among the respondents, but not to the full extent of its impact. There also exists a sense of responsibility for the health of the subordinates among most of the respondents. This sense of responsibility is founded upon the importance of the subordinate’s health as an important factor in achieving the goals of the corporation.

    Keywords: awareness, health, influence, leadership, responsibility, subordinate

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  • 36.
    Jernehed, Martin
    Mälardalen University, School of Health, Care and Social Welfare.
    Vad formar en lokal folkhälsopolicy?: En kvalitativ studie om policyprocessen i en mellansvensk kommun2014Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Public health politics creates opportunities for population health. Public health efforts must be politically supported to be able to enhance public health at national, regional and local level. Health policy triangle is a tool for operators who want to create or revise action plans that are used to control and monitor the municipal public health work. The purpose of this study was to describe the process of policy formulation for Eskilstuna action plan for public health from an actor's perspective. The study design was qualitative with deductive manifest content analysis supplemented by the analysis tool of health policy triangle. A total of five interviews with politicians, officials and municipal managers were conducted. The result shows that the interviewees described the work in policy formulation as democratic, that there was no hierarchy because they strove toward a common goal of public health. It also emerged that they see policy formulation as a central and vital role in the policy process of the action plan. It is where decisions are made and about what should be included and what public health actions that the municipality should do. The action plan for public health greeted appearance mirrored by municipal policy focus on public health, previous public health works and policy documents. The conclusions were that participants describe the work of policy formulation as unpretentious and democratic order to achieve the common goals of public health in the municipality. Policy formulation was perceived by participants as a central and important part of the policy process and that local public health policy, along with previous experience in local public health and regulatory documents for public health serve as underlying factors in the design of Eskilstuna Municipality's action plan. 

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    Martin Jernehed
  • 37.
    Johansson, K.
    et al.
    Linköping University, Sweden.
    Bendtsen, P.
    Linköping University, Sweden.
    Åkerlind, Ingemar
    Linköping University, Sweden.
    Factors influencing GPs' decisions regarding screening for high alcohol consumption: A focus group study in Swedish primary care2005In: Public Health, Vol. 119, no 9, p. 781-788Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Department of Health and Society, Social Medicine and Public Health Science, Linköping University, S-581 83 Linköping, Sweden. kjell.johansson@lio.se

    OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to explore factors that influence general practitioners' (GPs') decisions regarding screening for high alcohol consumption. METHODS: GPs working at three primary healthcare centres in Sweden participated in focus group interviews. The interviews were recorded and transcribed verbatim, and a deductive framework approach was used for the analysis. RESULTS: The majority of the participating GPs did not believe in asking all patients about their alcohol consumption. Reported factors that influenced how many and which patients were questioned about alcohol consumption were time, age of the patient, consultation setting, patient-physician relationship, what symptoms the patient presented with, and knowledge of measures if patients appear to have a high alcohol consumption. Thus, alcohol screening and intervention were not performed in all patient groups as was originally intended, but were performed in limited groups of patients such as those with alcohol-related symptoms. CONCLUSIONS: Although the number of participants in this study was small and the conclusions cannot be generalized, the results provide some valuable insights into why GPs are hesitant to engage in screening for high alcohol consumption. Since prevention of alcohol-related health problems is an important public health issue, many different screening and intervention strategies have to be formulated and evaluated in order to reach patients with both hazardous and harmful alcohol consumption within the healthcare system. Screening all consecutive patients for a limited period or screening patient groups known to include a fairly high frequency of high alcohol consumers are two ways of limiting the time requirements and increasing role legitimacy. Still, there is a need for a broader public health strategy involving many players in the community in alcohol preventive measures, especially in more primary preventive approaches.

  • 38.
    Johansson, K.
    et al.
    Linköping University, Sweden.
    Åkerlind, Ingemar
    Linköping University, Sweden.
    Bendtsen, P.
    Linköping University, Sweden.
    Under what circumstances are nurses willing to engage in brief alcohol interventions? A qualitative study from primary care in Sweden.2005In: Addictive Behaviors, ISSN 0306-4603, Vol. 30, no 5, p. 1049-53Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    To improve alcohol prevention in primary health care, it has been suggested that primary care nurses are an under-utilised resource. The aim of this study was to identify under what circumstances primary care nurses in Sweden are willing to engage in alcohol prevention. All nurses at three primary health care centres in Ostergötland, Sweden were invited to participate in focus group interviews; 26 nurses participated. The nurses considered primary health care to be just one among other sectors within the community with responsibility for alcohol prevention. The role of health care in alcohol prevention was perceived to be important but mainly secondary preventive. The nurses felt justified screening all patients' alcohol habits only when they could refer to an obligation or a time-limited project. Otherwise, they mainly wanted to engage in screening patients with alcohol-related symptoms or diagnoses and other risk groups. Reasons for refraining from alcohol screening and intervention included lack of self-efficacy, time consumption and fear of harming their relationship with the patient. New strategies for alcohol prevention in primary care are discussed.

  • 39. Kautiainen, Susanna
    et al.
    Hartikainen, A.L.
    Hyppönen, E.
    Järvelin, M.R.
    Läärä, E.
    Rantakallio, P.
    Reunanen, A.
    Virtanen, S.M.
    The relation of childhood growth and obesity to the development of type 1 diabetes - a birth cohort study plan2002In: International Journal of Circumpolar Health, ISSN 1239-9736, E-ISSN 2242-3982, Vol. 1, no Suppl. 1, p. 153-153Article in journal (Other academic)
  • 40.
    Kerstis, Birgitta
    et al.
    Mälardalen University, School of Health, Care and Social Welfare, Health and Welfare.
    Kimland, Elin
    Läkemedel2024In: Omvårdnad för barn och unga- på avancerad nivå / [ed] Katarina Patriksson; Helena Wigert, Studentlitteratur AB, 2024, p. 73-104Chapter in book (Other academic)
  • 41.
    Kostela, Johan
    et al.
    Högskolan Dalarna, Akademin Utbildning, hälsa och samhälle.
    Tydén, Thomas
    Högskolan Dalarna, Akademin Utbildning, hälsa och samhälle.
    Varför sjukskrivs det så olika? Sjukskrivningsmönster vid Dalarnas vårdcentraler.2006Report (Other academic)
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  • 42.
    Lagrosen, Stefan
    et al.
    Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för organisation och entreprenörskap (OE).
    Lagrosen, Yvonne
    Mälardalen University, Sweden.
    Examining the health effects of an innovative collaboration initiative aimed at reducing social exclusion2020In: Proceedings of the European Conference on Innovation and Entrepreneurship, Academic Conferences and Publishing International Limited , 2020, p. 345-351Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    While employment levels vary, some people tend to remain far from the labour market. Various efforts are made from different public organisations to enhance their employability. Nevertheless, since their problems are usually complex and multi-dimensional, isolated efforts are usually less successful. In an innovative collaboration initiative in a Swedish municipality, a collaboration unit was formed to co-ordinate the efforts of four organisations: the county council, the municipality, the Swedish public employment service and the Swedish social insurance agency. Various activities are carried out intending to strengthen the clients’ overall employability and wellbeing in a holistic way. In previous research, associations between the perceived quality of the organisation people are working in and their reported health status have been identified. However, research into the relationship between the quality of employability enhancing initiatives and client health status is lacking. The purpose of the study is to examine the associations between the health status of people that are excluded from the labour market and the quality of the efforts aimed at increasing their employability. An online questionnaire was developed and answered by 80 participants in the programme. The data was analysed using multivariate statistical methods. Associations between variables measuring health status and experience of the employability enhancing initiatives were examined. The data show that the participants are generally satisfied with the activities of the studied organisation but their self-reported level of health is low. When correlations between the perceived quality of the activity of the initiative and the health status of the clients were measured, few significant associations were found. In contrast, cluster analysis defined four clusters in which the highest reported health scores were found in both the cluster that was most satisfied and the cluster that was least satisfied with the activities. Further research is needed to discover the mechanics behind these results. However, the current study will also be of value for organisations aiming at increasing the employability of people who are far from the labour market.

  • 43.
    Lagrosen, Stefan
    et al.
    Linnaeus University, Sweden.
    Lagrosen, Yvonne
    Mälardalen University, School of Innovation, Design and Engineering, Innovation and Product Realisation.
    Innovation in Healthcare: Success Factors for Innovative Healthcare Change Processes2022In: Proceedings of the 17th European Conference on Innovation and Entrepreneurship / [ed] Pantelis Sklias; Nikolaos Apostolopoulos, Reading, UK: Academic Conferences International Limited , 2022, p. 305-310Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Many factors contribute to increasing the need for innovation in healthcare. Global demographic developments with falling birth rates and increasing lifespan mean that the proportion of elderly in society is expected to increase dramatically in all developed countries. Moreover, continuous scientific advances afford possibilities for higher effectiveness in healthcare processes. Innovation can and does take place in the form of medical discoveries which enhance the efficiency of treatments or in the form of technological advances, for instance, in ehealth, which provide increased options for healthcare delivery. However, innovation can also be of an organisational nature since healthcare organisations are complex organisations with legal and ethical constraints that are difficult to manage effectively. Organisational innovation requires change processes of various kinds. The purpose of this paper is to explore success factors for innovative change processes in healthcare organisations. Change processes related to digitalisation are of particular interest. Qualitative methodology was chosen in order to gain a deeper understanding of the area and not to exclude aspects based on preconceptions. A multiple case study has been carried out. To achieve focus, the study population was limited to public hospitals in Sweden. Change processes, usually involving digitalisation, in seven hospitals of various sizes have been studied. Individual qualitative interviews were chosen as the method of data collection. Between two and nine interviews were conducted, giving a total of forty interviews. The respondents were people who had participated in the change processes, mainly nurses, physicians, and administrative staff, some of whom had managerial positions on lower levels. The data from the interviews were analysed using the constant comparative method from the grounded theory approach. The analysis yielded a number of categories depicting success factors under different conditions. A framework was constructed depicting the factors and their internal relationships. The categories and the framework should be valuable for managers of healthcare organisations as well as for increasing the conceptual understanding of the field.

  • 44.
    Lagrosen, Yvonne
    Mälardalen University, School of Innovation, Design and Engineering, Innovation and Product Realisation.
    Waldorf pedagogy as an innovative approach for school health and learning2019In: Proceedings of the European Conference on Innovation and Entrepreneurship, ECIE, Academic Conferences and Publishing International Limited , 2019, Vol. 1, p. 572-580Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    A research project regarding health promotion for school health, in the context of a Waldorf School received grants from the Swedish National Agency for Education. Waldorf pedagogy contains methods different from contemporary pedagogy such as integrating aesthetics and movement together in the learning process. The purpose of the study is twofold. First, to explore and evaluate the methods used in Waldorf pedagogy regarding their effects on health and learning. Second, to evaluate the suitability of the approach and methodologies per see for this kind of study. A case-study has been carried out involving pupils, staff and parents. A verified measurement instrument has been used. It is aimed at measuring health, quality and learning and it was further refined to better fit the present context. Quality dimensions previously identified for pupils and staff were used. Questionnaires were sent with a response rate ranging from 66% to 100%. Based on the questionnaires, pertinent questions were defined and explored in five quality cafés based on the world-café methodology. Feed-back from five focus-group interviews including all of the above-mentioned categories were also collected. In addition, a follow-up questionnaire was sent to co-workers and pupils. The results indicate that the school's activities with their basis in Waldorf pedagogy might have a health-promoting effect, since the school's activities are of high quality and the health of the pupils is generally good. The pupils greatly appreciated the quality cafes which gave them a forum to discuss things thoroughly as well as experiences of being listened to. The focus group interviews revealed that the pupils generally think that the school is good now, even better than before this project. Other perceived effects of the study concern increased team-building, happiness, increased awareness of importance of teachers' health, advantages of serving healthy food for learning and acceptance of each pupil's uniqueness. The study provides a holistic methodology to evaluate health promotion activities in a school project and provides insight into benefits of the Waldorf pedagogy. 

  • 45.
    Lie, Birgitta
    Mälardalen University, School of Sustainable Development of Society and Technology.
    Ledarskapsaspekter på implementering av evidensbaserad medicin och nationella riktlinjer2012Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (One Year)), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
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    Ledarskapsaspekter på implementering av evidensbaserad medicin och nationella riktlinjer
  • 46.
    Lindberg, Inger
    et al.
    Luleå University of Technology, Sweden.
    Christensson, Kyllike
    Mälardalen University, School of Health, Care and Social Welfare.
    Öhrling, Kerstin
    Luleå University of Technology, Sweden.
    Midwives' experience of organisational and professional change2005In: Midwifery, ISSN 0266-6138, E-ISSN 1532-3099, Vol. 21, no 4, p. 355-364Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    OBJECTIVE: to describe midwives' experiences of changes in their caring role and professional function in postpartum wards in the northern part of Sweden. In this part of the country, three out of eight maternity departments have been closed over the last 5 years. During the same period, hospital stays have reduced in length, and an early discharge model has been introduced. DESIGN: focus-group discussions. SETTING: four focus groups at two hospitals in northern Sweden. PARTICIPANTS: 21 midwives experienced in midwifery practice in maternity wards. FINDINGS: the analysis revealed four categories of comments: 'to have limited time when caring for the mother and the baby'; 'no longer being valued as the expert'; 'a wish to have responsibility for childbirth in its entirety'; 'to see future possibilities in the development of the profession'. The theme identified is 'being ahead in ideas about caring but still partly caught up in the past'. KEY CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS: the identified theme of being ahead in ideas about caring but still partly caught up in the past can be understood as representing a transition. The midwives experienced loss and grief over their former midwifery practice, but had ideas and visions for developing and expanding their future professional role. A healthy transition requires support, participation and skilled management.

  • 47.
    Liv, Nordström
    et al.
    Mälardalen University, School of Health, Care and Social Welfare, Health and Welfare.
    Lassinantti, Kitty
    Mälardalen University, School of Health, Care and Social Welfare, Health and Welfare.
    Carlsson, ÕU.
    Research and Development in Sörmland, Region of Sörmland, Eskilstuna, Sweden.
    Almqvist, Anna-Lena
    Mälardalen University, School of Health, Care and Social Welfare, Health and Welfare.
    Service-user participation in coordinated planning, from the perspective of involved professionals2024In: Disability & Society, ISSN 0968-7599, E-ISSN 1360-0508, Vol. 39, no 12, p. 3212-3232Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    This paper uses a neo-institutional perspective to examine possibilities and obstacles for participation in coordinated individual planning (CIP) for people with intellectual disabilities. CIP is a tool for interprofessional and interorganizational coordination with the objective of creating a joint plan for a person needing cohesive care. Participation by the service-user is considered important for effective coordination but involving someone with an intellectual disability may require special adaptations. A thematic analysis of interviews with 17 professionals from different organizations in Sweden reveals that service user participation is considered an important goal by professionals, but also that it is difficult to put into practice. The results indicate that CIP is characterized by tensions and policy-practice decoupling that limit the service-users’ possibilities for participation. © 2023 The Author(s). Published by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.

  • 48.
    MacKinnon, Ralph J.
    et al.
    Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Slater, David
    School of Engineering, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK.
    Pukk-Härenstam, Karin
    Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
    von Thiele Schwarz, Ulrica
    Mälardalen University, School of Health, Care and Social Welfare, Health and Welfare.
    Adaptations to practice and resilience in a paediatric major trauma centre during a mass casualty incident2022In: British Journal of Anaesthesia, ISSN 0007-0912, E-ISSN 1471-6771, Vol. 128, no 2, p. e120-e126Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Background

    Innovation and human adaptation in the face of unfolding catastrophe is the cornerstone of an effective systemwide response. Capturing, analysing, and disseminating this is fundamental in developing resilience for future events. The aim of this study was to understand the characteristics of adaptations to practice early in a paediatric major trauma centre during a mass casualty incident.

    Methods

    A qualitative interview study of 40 healthcare staff at a paediatric major trauma centre in the immediate aftermath of a terrorist bombing was conducted. An inductive thematic analysis approach was used, followed by a deductive analysis of the identified adaptations informed by constructs of resilience engineering.

    Results

    Five themes of adaptations to practice that enhanced the resilient performance of the hospital were identified: teamworking; psychologically supporting patients, families, and staff; reconfiguring infrastructure; working around the hospital electronic systems; and maintaining hospital safety. Examples of resilience potential in terms of respond, monitor, anticipate, and learn are presented.

    Conclusions

    Our study shows how adaptations to practice sustained the resilient performance of a paediatric major trauma centre during a mass casualty incident. Rapid, early capture of these data during a mass casualty incident provides key insights into enhancing future emergency preparedness, response, and resilience planning.

  • 49.
    Marmstål Hammar, Lena
    et al.
    Mälardalen University, School of Health, Care and Social Welfare, Health and Welfare.
    Alam, Moudud
    School of Technology and Business Studies/Statistics, Dalarna University, Falun, Sweden..
    Olsen, Marie
    School of Education, Health and Social Studies, Dalarna University, Falun, Sweden; Division of Nursing, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden..
    Swall, Anna
    School of Education, Health and Social Studies, Dalarna University, Falun, Sweden..
    Boström, Anne-Marie
    Division of Nursing, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden; Theme Ageing, Karolinska University Hospital, Huddinge, Sweden; Stockholms Sjukhem, R&D Unit, Stockholm, Sweden..
    Being treated with respect and dignity?: Perceptions of Home Care Service among persons with dementia2021In: Journal of the American Medical Directors Association, ISSN 1525-8610, E-ISSN 1538-9375, Vol. 22, no 3, p. 656-662Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Objective: Studies on the quality of home care services (HCS) offered to persons with dementia (PwDs) reveal the prevalence of unmet needs and dissatisfaction related to encounters and a lack of relationships with staff. The objective of this study was to enhance knowledge of the perceptions of PwDs regarding their treatment with dignity and respect in HCS over time.

    Design: A mixed longitudinal cohort study was designed to study trends in the period between 2016 and 2018 and compare the results between PwDs (cases) and persons without dementia (controls) living at home with HCS.

    Setting and participants: Persons aged 65 years and older with HCS in Sweden.

    Methods: Data from an existing yearly HCS survey by the Swedish National Board of Health and Welfare (NBHW) was used. The focus was on questions concerning dignity and respect. NBHW data sets on diagnoses, medications, HCS hours, and demographic information were also used. We applied GEE logistic and cumulative logit regression models to estimate effects and trends of interest after controlling for the effects of age, gender, self-rated health, and number of HCS hours.

    Results: Over the study period, 271,915 (PwDs = 8.1%) respondents completed the survey. The results showed that PwDs were significantly less likely (3%-10% lower odds and cumulative odds) than controls to indicate that they were satisfied in response to questions related to dignity and respect. Both groups experienced a decrease in satisfaction from 2016 to 2018. Females, individuals with poor self-rated health, and individuals granted more HCS hours were found to be more dissatisfied.

    Conclusions and implications: The HCS organization needs to shift from a task-oriented system to a person-centered approach, where dignity and respect are of the utmost importance. The HCS organizations need to be developed to focus on competence in person-centered care, and leadership to support staff.

  • 50.
    Martin, Lene
    Stockholm University, Sweden.
    'Shared care' and computer assistance in glaucoma management1997In: Studies in Health Technology and Informatics, ISSN 0926-9630, E-ISSN 1879-8365, Vol. 46, p. 288-290Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Primary open angle glaucoma afflicts 1-2% of people over 50 years of age. The diagnosis relies on a number of examinations, many of them performed by ophthalmic nurses, and the care of glaucoma patients has become one of their main tasks. A knowledge-based system for decision support in glaucoma management has been developed and validated. The aim of the current study is to evaluate the influence of computerised decision support on a 'shared care' organisation for the management of glaucoma patients.

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