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  • 1.
    Aaby, Anders
    et al.
    Specialized Hosp Polio & Accid Victims, Roedovre, Denmark.;Univ Southern Denmark, Dept Psychol, InCoRE, Odense, Denmark..
    Ravn, Sophie L.
    Specialized Hosp Polio & Accid Victims, Roedovre, Denmark.;Univ Southern Denmark, Dept Psychol, InCoRE, Odense, Denmark.;Univ Southern Denmark, Dept Psychol, ThRIVE, Odense, Denmark..
    Elfström, Magnus L.
    Mälardalen University, School of Health, Care and Social Welfare, Health and Welfare.
    Kasch, Helge
    Aarhus Univ Hosp, Dept Neurol, Aarhus, Denmark.;Aarhus Univ, Dept Clin Med, Aarhus, Denmark..
    Andersen, Tonny E.
    Univ Southern Denmark, Dept Psychol, InCoRE, Odense, Denmark..
    Does the Danish version of the Spinal Cord Lesion-related Coping Strategies Questionnaire measure what we think it measures?: A triangulated mixed-methods validation approach2022In: Spinal Cord, ISSN 1362-4393, E-ISSN 1476-5624Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Study design: Triangulated mixed-methods validation study.

    Objectives: To validate the Danish version of the Spinal Cord Lesion-related Coping Strategies Questionnaire (SCL-CSQ).

    Setting: Community in Denmark.

    Methods: Participants were invited via a patient organization and its specialized hospital. Eligibility criteria were having a spinal cord injury (SCI), being 18 years or older, and able to understand and respond in Danish. Quantitative data were collected to determine internal consistency and criterion validity of the three subscales of SCL-CSQ, i.e., acceptance, fighting spirit, and social reliance. The Three-Step Test-Interview approach was employed to determine whether items measured what they were intended to measure (i.e., construct validity based on response processes).

    Results: The quantitative sample consisted of 107 participants, and the interview sample comprised 11 participants. The acceptance and fighting spirit subscales showed adequate internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha of 0.72 and 0.76 respectively) and satisfactory criterion validity (expected correlations with quality of life and depression). The social reliance subscale showed inadequate internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha of 0.58) and criterion validity. All fighting spirit items and all but one acceptance items were interpreted congruently by most participants. Conversely, two social reliance items were only interpreted congruently by 9 and 27%.

    Conclusion: The acceptance and fighting spirit subscales of the Danish version of the SCL-CSQ showed good psychometric properties, while the social reliance subscale showed serious issues and should be revised. Researchers and clinicians are urged to reflect on these findings when revising the SCL-CSQ or adapting it to other languages, cultural contexts, and rehabilitation settings.

  • 2.
    Aarons, G. A.
    et al.
    University of California, United States.
    Seijo, C.
    University of California, United States.
    Green, A. E.
    University of California, United States.
    Moullin, J. C.
    Curtin University, Perth, Australia.
    Hasson, H.
    Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
    von Thiele Schwarz, Ulrica
    Mälardalen University, School of Health, Care and Social Welfare, Health and Welfare. Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
    James, S.
    University of Kassel, Kassel, Germany.
    Ehrhart, M. G.
    University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida.
    Ducarroz, S.
    Université Claude Bernard, Lyon, France.
    Sevdalis, N.
    King's College London, UK.
    Willging, C.
    Behavioral Health Research Center of the Southwest, Albuquerque, United States.
    Fostering international collaboration in implementation science and research: A concept mapping exploratory study2019In: BMC Research Notes, E-ISSN 1756-0500, Vol. 12, no 1, article id 778Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Objective: International collaboration in science has received increasing attention given emphases on relevance, generalizability, and impact of research. Implementation science (IS) is a growing discipline that aims to translate clinical research findings into health services. Research is needed to identify efficient and effective ways to foster international collaboration in IS. Concept-mapping (CM) was utilized with a targeted sample for preliminary exploration of fostering international collaboration. Concept-mapping is a mixed-method approach (qualitative/quantitative) particularly suited for identifying essential themes and action items to facilitate planning among diverse stakeholders. We sought to identify key factors likely to facilitate productive and rewarding international collaborations in implementation research. Results: We identified eleven dimensions: Strategic Planning; Practicality; Define Common Principles; Technological Tools for Collaboration; Funding; Disseminate Importance of Fostering International Collaboration in IS; Knowledge Sharing; Innovative & Adaptive Research; Training IS Researchers; Networking & Shared Identity; Facilitate Meetings. Strategic Planning and Funding were highest rated for importance and Strategic Planning and Networking and Shared Identity were rated most feasible to institute. Fostering international collaboration in IS can accelerate the efficiency, relevance, and generalizability of implementation research. Strategies should be developed and tested to improve international collaborations and engage junior and experienced investigators in collaborations advancing implementation science and practice. 

  • 3.
    Aarons, Gregory
    et al.
    Univ Calif San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.;Child & Adolescent Serv Res Ctr, San Diego, CA USA..
    Green, Amy
    Univ Calif San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA..
    Moullin, Joanna
    Univ Calif San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.;Univ Technol Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia..
    Ehrhart, Mark
    San Diego State Univ, San Diego, CA 92182 USA.;Univ Cent Florida, Orlando, FL 32816 USA..
    Ducarroz, Simon
    Ctr Reg Prevent Canc, Ctr Hygee, St Priest En Jarez, France..
    Sevdalis, Nick
    Kings Coll London, London, England..
    Hasson, Henna
    Karolinska Inst, Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Cty Council, Ctr Epidemiol & Community Med, Stockholm, Sweden..
    von Thiele Schwarz, Ulrica
    Mälardalen University, School of Health, Care and Social Welfare, Health and Welfare. Karolinska Inst, Stockholm, Sweden..
    James, Sigrid
    Univ Kassel, Kassel, Germany..
    Willging, Cathleen
    Pacific Inst Res & Evaluat, Behav Hlth Res Ctr Southwest, Albuquerque, NM USA..
    Fostering international collaborations in implementation science2017In: Implementation Science, E-ISSN 1748-5908, Vol. 13Article in journal (Other academic)
  • 4.
    Abbas Mohammad Hussain, Sahar
    et al.
    Mälardalen University, School of Health, Care and Social Welfare.
    Abdalla, Helin
    Mälardalen University.
    Vårdandet av patienter med cancer i livets slutskede: En allmän litteraturöversikt av sjuksköterskors erfarenheter2023Independent thesis Basic level (university diploma), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
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  • 5.
    Abbas, Mohammed
    et al.
    Mälardalen University, School of Health, Care and Social Welfare.
    Andy, Yu
    Mälardalen University, School of Health, Care and Social Welfare.
    SJUKSKÖTERSKORS ERFARENHETER AV ATT GE PALLIATIV VÅRD2021Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
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  • 6.
    Abdelakram, Hafid
    et al.
    Mälardalen University, School of Innovation, Design and Engineering, Embedded Systems.
    Abdullah, Saad
    Mälardalen University, School of Innovation, Design and Engineering, Embedded Systems.
    Estimating Physiological Parameters in Various Age Groups: Windkessel 4 Element Model and PPG Waveform Analysis Approach2023In: IEEE 4th International Multidisciplinary Conference on Engineering Technology, IMCET 2023, IEEE, 2023, p. 194-197Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Non-invasive monitoring of cardiovascular health through photoplethysmography (PPG) waveforms has emerged as a crucial area of research. The Windkessel 4-Element (WK4) model is a mathematical approach used to estimate key physiological parameters related to cardiovascular health, including arterial compliance, peripheral resistance, inertance, and total arterial resistance. This study aimed to evaluate key physiological parameters associated with cardiovascular health using the WK4 model, leveraging real-life PPG waveform data obtained from volunteers across three distinct age groups. To achieve this, an algorithm was developed to automatically determine optimal parameter values for each volunteer. The results revealed a mean correlation coefficient of 0.96 between the automatically generated waveforms by the algorithm and the actual real-life PPG waveforms, indicating robust agreement. Notably, only the total arterial resistance parameter exhibited significant differences among the age groups, suggesting that the algorithm holds promise for detecting agerelated changes in cardiovascular health. These findings emphasize the potential for the development of a non-invasive tool to assess cardiovascular health status and enhance healthcare outcomes. Furthermore, they underscore the capability of the developed algorithm as a non-invasive means to evaluate various aspects of cardiovascular physiology. Additionally, the versatility of this algorithm opens doors for its application in educational settings, promoting knowledge advancement, empowering research endeavors, and facilitating advancements in the field.

  • 7. Abdella, R.
    et al.
    Kautiainen, Susanna
    Takkinen, H.M.
    Khan, W.
    Erkkola, M.
    Luukainen, P.
    Veijola, R.
    Simell, O.
    Knip, M.
    Virtanen, S.M.
    Relationship of duration of breastfeeding to childhood overweight at 3 years of age2012In: Obesity Facts, ISSN 1662-4025, E-ISSN 1662-4033, Vol. 5, no Suppl. 1, p. 247-247Article in journal (Other academic)
  • 8.
    Abdi, Diana
    Mälardalen University, School of Health, Care and Social Welfare.
    Kvinnors upplevelser av att leva med urininkontinens: En litteraturstudie2019Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Background: Urinary incontinence can affect all people and is described as a difficulty in controlling the urine, which in turn can lead to involuntary urinary leakage. There are several reasons behind urinary incontinence, for instance due to weakness in the connective tissue and muscles of the pelvic floor. Women who suffer from urinary incontinence have thought of it as normal and temporary, although it is a permanent condition. Urinary leakage can also give the feeling of discomfort, which may evolve into anxiety and distress about how to handle the leakage. The fear of getting urine leakage publicly can also lead to social isolation. Aim: The aim is to investigate women's experiences of living with urinary incontinence. Method: A qualitative literature study of eleven scientific articles was conducted. Result: The analysis is presented with three themes; Emotional imbalance, Powerlessness and Attitude, as well as six additional subthemes; Feelings of shame, Feelings of fear, A lost bodily control, Limitations in everyday life, Feelings of taboo and Accepting existence.

    The main conclusion: Urinary incontinence is a taboo coated subject and may be due to several reasons, including that women feel embarrassed to speak about it publicly, which in turn may mean a lack of awareness within the health care but also among the affected women. Furthermore, when women sought treatment and found different strategies to reduce leakage, the symptoms decreased.

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  • 9.
    Abdi, Intisar
    et al.
    Mälardalen University, School of Health, Care and Social Welfare.
    Nakiberu, Lukia
    Mälardalen University, School of Health, Care and Social Welfare.
    Att vårda patienter med långvarig smärta: En allmän litteraturstudie2020Independent thesis Basic level (university diploma), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [sv]

    Bakgrund: Patienter med långvarig smärta upplever känslomässiga utmaningar i deras vardagliga liv. Smärta är en subjektiv upplevelse som uttrycks olika beroende på individen men skapar även begränsningar i patienters liv. Kroppens egen rörlighet försämras och detta resulterar till att patienter upplever en förlust av sin egen självbestämmande. Syfte: Att beskriva sjuksköterskors erfarenheter av att vårda patienter med långvarig smärta. Metod: Kvalitativ litteraturstudie med beskrivande syntes enligt Evans (2002) analysmetod. Resultat: Analysen av valda tio artiklar identifierade två teman. Första temat är Sjuksköterskors erfarenheter av smärtbehandling med två subteman som är Identifiera och bedöma patienters smärta och Genom omvårdnadsåtgärder mildra smärta. Andra temat är Svårigheter att möta patienters behov med tre subteman som är Arbeta med begränsad kunskap & erfarenhet, Känna sig otillräcklig och Arbeta under tidsbrist och stress. Slutsats: Sjuksköterskor har en central roll i vårdandet av patienter som lider av smärta. Många faktorer påverkar sjuksköterskor att tillgodose en individualiserad vård med kvalité och en utveckling inom området behövs.

  • 10.
    Abdimaxmud, Nagaad
    Mälardalen University, School of Health, Care and Social Welfare.
    Elevhälsoteamets upplevelser av covid-19-pandemin: En kvalitativ intervjustudie2021Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
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  • 11.
    Abdirahman, Jaweriya
    et al.
    Mälardalen University, School of Health, Care and Social Welfare.
    Amoor, Rasha
    Mälardalen University, School of Health, Care and Social Welfare.
    Återhämtning efter stroke: En litteraturstudie utifrån sjuksköterskors perspektiv2021Independent thesis Basic level (university diploma), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Background: Stroke is one of the public health disorders that is often followed by a lengthy recovery process. Complications can be reduced as soon as possible if stroke patients get treatment that is custom to patient's individual health needs. Nurses responsibility is to support patients and relatives. Problem: Patients and relatives experience that nurses' lack of time and insufficient knowledge have a negative effect on nursing. Aim: The aim was to describe nurses' experiences of caring for patients in their post-stroke recovery. Method: A literature study of qualitative approach. Results: Nurses described that their central function was to create a good relationship with patients and relatives to support patient recovery. Nurses described their experiences of supporting patients and that their basic knowledge was not enough. Due to lack of time and lack of knowledge, nurses find it difficult to provide good care to patients. Conclusions: Nurses experienced difficulties in caring for and supporting patients who have had a stroke, both mentally and physically in order for them to regain quality of life. This was because nurses experienced a lack of time and insufficient knowledge as well as emotional strain. More time with each individual patient, in-house training and support from work colleagues could be suggestions for solutions that can support nurses in their care of patients diagnosed with stroke.

  • 12.
    Abdisalam, Sadia Mohamed
    et al.
    Mälardalen University, School of Health, Care and Social Welfare.
    Ibrahim, Fatuma Harir
    Mälardalen University, School of Health, Care and Social Welfare.
    SJUKSKÖTERSKANS UPPLEVELSER AV ATT VÅRDA PATIENTER I LIVETS SLUTSKEDE: En systematisk litteraturstudie2021Independent thesis Basic level (university diploma), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Background: Death is a universal reality that affects all people. The registered nurse is responsible for alleviating the suffering and offering the best possible quality of life to the patients and their relatives. When the nurse feels that her own knowledge and understanding is not sufficient, they cannot satisfy the needs of patients. Previous research shows that patients in the final stages of life experience anxiety when incorrect information is given. Palliative care is based on four cornerstones: symptom relief, teamwork, communication and relationships, and support for relatives. Aim: To describe the nurse's experiences of caring for patients at the end of life. Method: Systematic literature study with description synthesis and the results based on ten qualitative scientific articles. Result: The analysis resulted in two themes; See the unique person and Challenges in the care that describe nurses' experiences with five sub-themes that answer the purpose. Conclusion: Caring for patients at the end of life is perceived by nurses as a challenge. Challenges are related to nurses' lack of knowledge, and this in turn was considered that they needed more education, as well as difficulties in meeting relatives who affect care. The nurses experienced that with increased knowledge and professional experience as well as clear communication, they could contribute to one good worthy death. The care is experienced as rewarding when the nurses respond to and satisfies patients' needs in a good relationship.

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    Examensarbete
  • 13.
    Abdu, Hasna Ibrahim
    et al.
    Mälardalen University, School of Health, Care and Social Welfare.
    Fungula, Natacha
    Mälardalen University, School of Health, Care and Social Welfare.
    MÅLTID OCH DEMENSSJUKDOM: Sjuksköterskors erfarenheter av att bevara nutrition2020Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
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  • 14.
    Abdul Hak, Jad
    Mälardalen University, School of Health, Care and Social Welfare.
    HÄLSOFRÄMJANDE STRATEGIER OM ÖKAT INFLYTANDE FÖR MÄNNISKOR MED FUNKTIONSHINDER: En kvalitativ studie om medarbetares erfarenheter av en ideell organisations folkhälsoarbete i Egypten2020Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Background: World Health Organization (WHO) advocates health promotion to strengthen the health of vulnerable groups. This includes equal value and basic human rights to all, including people with disabilities. Helm is a non-governmental organization operating in Egypt. Helm’s work in Egypt aims at raising awareness concerning the disability area and including people with disabilities throughout the society, in relation to one of Agenda 2030's core principles of leaving no one behind.

     

    Aim: The aim of the study is to describe employees experiences of how the Egyptian organization Helm works with health promotion strategies to strengthen the health of people with disabilities.

     

    Method: A qualitative method was applied throughout the study with an inductive approach to find similarities with theories that correlates with the organizations strategic work. A targeted controlled sample of five employees working within the organization Helm were interviewed with a pre-formed semi-structured interview guide. The resulting material was analyzed using a manifest content analysis.

     

    Results: Multiple strategies as a guiding principle in the health promotion work were applied by Helm. A combination of strategies on a holistic view of raising awareness through knowledge dissemination, working with inclusion and an empowering bottom-up perspective were included in the strategic work. Society's attitudes about the target group, implementation of laws and policies, as well as infrastructural factors, were found to aggravate the inclusion work. Helm’s employees found partnerships and cooperation as facilitating factors through cross-sector collaboration,. Agenda 2030’s principle of “leaving no one behind” inspires Helm in the long term to aspire achieving sustainability goal number 10 on reduced inequalities.

     

    Conclusion: By strengthening the empowerment for people with disabilities in combination with close collaborations of higher ministries, facilitates the organizations aim of raising awareness through knowledge dissemination.

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  • 15.
    Abdul Hak, Jad
    Mälardalen University, School of Health, Care and Social Welfare.
    Samverkan för nyanländas psykiska hälsa: En kvalitativ studie om verksamhetschefers och samordnares uppfattning av det kommunala samverkansarbetet i Stockholms län2021Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (One Year)), 20 credits / 30 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Background: About a third of newly arrived’s suffers from mental illness. The national collaboration commission aims to strengthen newly arrived’s participation and establishment in society, which sustainably facilitates the integration process and promotes better mental health. A sector-wide public health work on collaboration is considered as a prerequisite and an important actor are the municipalities. However, research concerning municipal collaboration regarding newly arrived’s mental health remains scarce.

    Aim: The aim of the study is to investigate operations managers and coordinators perception of how municipal collaboration for mental health among newly arrived is conducted in Stockholm County.

    Method: A qualitative method was applied with a targeted controlled sample which included nine operation managers and coordinators from municipalities within Stockholm County. Semi-structured interviews were conducted, and the resulting material was analyzed using a manifest content analysis.

    Results: Various collaboration forums enhance the exchange of knowledge and experiences. The need for consensus contributes to the communal solution required to develop forms of collaboration. The ambiguity about newly arrived’s mental health results in unclear areas of actor’s responsibility, different priorities, and a lack of knowledge about newly arrived’s mental health, which hinders collaboration.

    Conclusion: Collaboration between municipalities for the mental health of newly arrived presupposes consensus on mutual working methods. Differences between municipalities can contribute to health inequalities and it is therefore important that collaboration is conducted through knowledge-based work of the target group.

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  • 16.
    Abdulahi Abdi, Saynab
    et al.
    Mälardalen University, School of Health, Care and Social Welfare.
    Mohamed Dirie, Adno
    Mälardalen University, School of Health, Care and Social Welfare.
    Personcentrerad vård: En studie om personcentrerad vård på akutsjukhus2019Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [sv]

    Bakgrund: Personcentrerad vård ska prägla vården då det ingår som en av kärnkompetenserna en sjuksköterska bör ha. Patienter upplever att livs- och vårdkvalitén ökar när personcentrerad omvårdnad tillämpas i vården. Patienter känner sig mer sedda och uppskattar att bil lyssnade till. Detta brister ibland då patienter har erfarenheter av saknaden av personcentrerad omvårdnad på akutsjukhusen. Patienter och anhöriga har erfarenheter av att sjuksköterskor inte alltid är närvarande och att det inte ges tid. Syftet: Att skapa en överblick av sjuksköterskors erfarenheter av personcentrerad vård på akutsjukhus. Metod: En allmän litteraturöversikt genomfördes. 10 vårdvetenskapliga artiklar inkluderades i arbetet varav 9 artiklar var kvalitativa studier och 1 artikel var kvantitativ studie. Resultat: I resultatet presenteras likheter och skillnader i artiklarnas syften, metod och resultat. I likheter och skillnader av artiklarnas resultat identifierades fyra teman: vårdrelationer, delaktighet, brister och arbetsgruppen och arbetsrutinerna . Slutsats: Sjuksköterskor visade vilja att skapa vårdrelationer för att främja personcentrerad omvårdnad men hindrades av brist på kunskap, brist på tid som kan uppstå på akutsjukhus samt arbetsrutiner och arbetsgruppen. Sjuksköterskor erfor att kunskapsutbytet i arbetsgruppen samt relationer med patienter och anhöriga kunde främja och öka möjligheterna till att personcentrerad omvårdnad uppnåddes på akutsjukhusen.

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    personcentrerad vård
  • 17.
    Abdul-Fattah, Doha
    et al.
    Mälardalen University, School of Health, Care and Social Welfare.
    Kamali, Parwa
    NÄR VARDAGEN FÖRÄNDRAS: - En litteraturstudie om vuxna personers upplevelser av att leva med diabetes typ 22017Independent thesis Basic level (university diploma), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Background: Type 2 diabetes is one of the most common diseases in Sweden. Living with type 2 diabetes affects the person’s daily life and life situation. Treatment of type 2 diabetes consists of the patients making lifestyle changes and self-care. Nurses have expressed a need for knowledge regarding how to support and educate patients with type 2 diabetes, in their self-care. Aim: To describe adult’s experiences of living with type 2 diabetes. Method: A qualitative literature study with descriptive approach. Results: The analysis resulted in two themes. The themes were loss of control over daily life, regain stability and hope in life. The persons experienced lack of knowledge about their disease, furthermore, they felt anxiety and anger. The persons experienced that they had difficulties adjusting their diet. After a certain period of illness, the people accepted and managed the disease and got support both from their families and from health care professionals. Conclusion: The care and education that patients with diabetes type 2 are offered need to be more individualized. This can ensure and help the patients with type 2 diabetes perform adequate self-care by their own preconditions, to maintain health and well-being.

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    NÄR VARDAGEN FÖRÄNDRAS
  • 18.
    Abdulkadir Abshir, Safiya
    et al.
    Mälardalen University, School of Health, Care and Social Welfare.
    Pettersson, Hanna
    Mälardalen University, School of Health, Care and Social Welfare.
    Att hitta motivation i vårdandet: En litteraturstudie utifrån sjuksköterskors erfarenheter2022Independent thesis Basic level (university diploma), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Background: Compassion energy can contribute to nurses' conditions to provide patientswith meaningful care based on a compassionate approach. Nurses' empathy towards patients can mean a risk of compassion fatigue in nurses, which can impair patient safety. Nurses'responsibility over their own health is of great importance to minimize nurses' intention to leave work and to protect patients from care injury. Aim: The aim of this study was to describe nurses’ experiences of finding motivation in caring. Method: Systematic literature study according to Evans with a basis of ten different qualitative health science articles. Result: The result consisted of two themes, experiences of meaningfulness and experience sof a safe working environment. Experiences of meaningfulness yielded two subthemes,finding joy and being able to help. Experiences of a safe working environment released two subthemes, receiving emotional support from colleagues and having the opportunity for development. Conclusion: Nurses were motivated in caring by finding joy when acommunity was formed in the workplace and that joy facilitated difficult situations in caring. Being able to give help to another person in need of help was considered the basis for caring.Receiving emotional support from colleagues contributed to a sense of security in caregivingand having the opportunity for development gave the nurses a deeper understanding and facilitated different situation in care.

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    Att hitta motivation i vårdandet
  • 19.
    Abdulkadir, Hani
    et al.
    Mälardalen University, School of Health, Care and Social Welfare.
    Yurek, Helin
    Mälardalen University, School of Health, Care and Social Welfare.
    SJUKSKÖTERSKORS ERFARENHETER AV ATT VÅRDA PATIENTER I PALLIATIVT SKEDE: En allmän litteraturöversikt2021Independent thesis Basic level (university diploma), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
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  • 20.
    Abdulla, Hana
    Mälardalen University, School of Health, Care and Social Welfare.
    FYSISK INAKTIVITET OCH STILLASITTANDE BLAND BARN OCH UNGA I GRUNDSKOLAN2013Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Children and youth inactivity and sedentary at school is increasing. This means that some of the students have a significant unhealthy lifestyle with physical inactivity, which in turn implies risks of suffering from various diseases, including obesity, type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease, all related to a sedentary lifestyle. To prevent illness, it is important that children and young people early get a positive attitude towards physical activity.

    The purpose of this study was to study the causes of child and adolescent physical inactivity in school, based on teachers 'and parents' perspectives.

    A qualitative research has been selected. To achieve the study objectives, the author has conducted seven semi-structured interviews, with an appropriate choice of five teachers and two parents with children in school. Data was analyzed with a manifest content analysis.

    The results show that teachers and parents felt that physical activity is a protective factor for children's health. There are several reasons for physical inactivity in students today, blah new technologies, various transportation facilities and family finances. Some measures that can reduce the physical inactivity, for example be to increase sports lesson 'time and by starting with children and young people's interest to make them feel joy in moving, which increases the interest in physical activity.

    The conclusion of this work is that children's movement is important for their health. Children and youth in elementary school in need of physical activity so that they feel good. Both schools and parents have a responsibility to promote children's physical activity so that they can preserve their health, before improving their learning ability, have more energy and to manage the school in a good way.

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  • 21.
    Abdullah, Saad
    et al.
    Mälardalen University, School of Innovation, Design and Engineering, Embedded Systems.
    Abdelakram, Hafid
    Mälardalen University, School of Innovation, Design and Engineering, Embedded Systems.
    Lindén, Maria
    Mälardalen University, School of Innovation, Design and Engineering, Embedded Systems.
    Folke, Mia
    Mälardalen University, School of Innovation, Design and Engineering, Embedded Systems.
    Kristoffersson, Annica
    Mälardalen University, School of Innovation, Design and Engineering, Embedded Systems.
    Machine Learning-Based Classification of Hypertension using CnD Features from Acceleration Photoplethysmography and Clinical Parameters2023In: Proceedings - IEEE Symposium on Computer-Based Medical Systems, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc. , 2023, p. 923-924Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are a leading cause of death worldwide, and hypertension is a major risk factor for acquiring CVDs. Early detection and treatment of hypertension can significantly reduce the risk of developing CVDs and related complications. In this study, a linear SVM machine learning model was used to classify subjects as normal or at different stages of hypertension. The features combined statistical parameters derived from the acceleration plethysmography waveforms and clinical parameters extracted from a publicly available dataset. The model achieved an overall accuracy of 87.50% on the validation dataset and 95.35% on the test dataset. The model's true positive rate and positive predictivity was high in all classes, indicating a high accuracy, and precision. This study represents the first attempt to classify cardiovascular conditions using a combination of acceleration photoplethysmogram (APG) features and clinical parameters The study demonstrates the potential of APG analysis as a valuable tool for early detection of hypertension.

  • 22.
    Abdullah, Tara
    Mälardalen University, School of Health, Care and Social Welfare.
    Nutritionsrelterade problem hos äldre patienter: En litteraturstudie ur ett sjuksköterskeperspektiv2018Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
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  • 23.
    Abdullahi Mohamed, Mohamed
    Mälardalen University, School of Sustainable Development of Society and Technology.
     GLP-1 REGULATES PROLIFERATION OF GLP-1 SECRETING CELLS THROUGH A FEEDBACK MECHANISM2010Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (One Year)), 20 credits / 30 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Abstract

    Background and aim:

    Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic and progressive illness that affects all type of populations and ages. According to World health organization (WHO) by 2030 it will be 366 million people effected world wild. Many new drugs are Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) based therapy for treatment of type 2diabetes. GLP-1 is released from the intestinal L-cells, and is a potent stimulator of glucose-dependent insulin secretion. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of GLP-1 and its stable analogs on cell proliferation of GLP-1 secreting GLUTag cells.

    Material and methods:

    GluTag cells were incubated for 48h in DMEM medium containing (0.5% fetal bovine serum and 100 IU/ml penicillin and 100 μg/ml streptomycin and 3mM glucose concentration) in the present or absence of the agents. DNA synthesis was measured using 3H- thymidine incorporation and Ki67 antigen staining. Western blot were performed to investigate the present of GLP-1 receptor in GLUTag cells.

    Results/conclusions:

    These results suggest that GLP-1 regulates proliferation of the GLP-1-secreting cell through a feedback mechanism via its receptor. Since serum GLP-1 levels are decreased in type 2 diabetic patients, the effect of GLP-1 on the GLP-1-secreting cell proliferation suggested here provides a novel beneficial long-term effect of the incretin-based drugs in clinical practice i.e. through increase of the GLP-1-secreting cell mass, augmenting the incretin effect. In addition, the feedback mechanism action of GLP-1 reveals a new insight in regulation manner of the L-cell proliferation.

    GLP-1(7-36) increased cell proliferation in GLUTag cells, an effect which was blocked by the GLP-1 receptor antagonist exendin(9-39). The GLP-1 receptor was expressed in GluTag cells.

    Keywords:

    Incretin hormone, GLP-1, GLP-1 receptor, Exendin-4, Diabetes

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  • 24.
    Abdulrazzaq, Haneen
    Mälardalen University, School of Health, Care and Social Welfare. Akademin för hälsa, vård och välfärd.
    Att arbeta personcentrerat: En allmän litteraturöversikt2022Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Background: Person-centered caregiving aims to reorganize care with a different focus on the patient's experiences in purpose to give the patient more influence in their caretaking. The method has been shown to increase understanding between the caregiver and the patient. There are three core components of person-centred care; partnership, the patient's story and documentation. Purpose: The aim of this thesis was to describe nurses' experiences of working person-centred in hospital care. Method: A general literature review is conducted for this thesis where 10 scientific articles were chosen to be analyzed, of which seven are qualitative and three are quantitative. Results: The following themes was shown in the results of this thesis: the importance of participation, the importance of communication, the importance of communication in the care team, negative work environment and nurses' satisfaction. The teamwork and ability for dialogue between the professional groups also proved to be important for the development of person-centred caregiving as a method. Conclusion: Person-centred care was proved to be desirable according to the nurses' experiences. Existing legislation, regulations and the patients themselves requested the method. Although the nurses felt that the way of working was worth striving for, it was difficult to achieve and reliant on good working conditions. The nurses felt that they were dependent on both the organization and the patients to together create the best conditions for the method.

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  • 25.
    Abdulwasai, Kalid
    Mälardalen University, School of Health, Care and Social Welfare, Health and Welfare.
    Det blir bara värre och värre..: En kvalitativ studie om kriminalvårdarnas arbetsmiljö inne på anstalten2022Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    A work can be a risk or a protection factor and the demands it puts on the employee can have different consequences. Work environment includes both physical and psychosocial work environment, the physical part is about noise, ventilation and light. The psychosocial work environment is about social support, influence and demands. Work environment is an important pillar in public health because people spend a lot of time in their work. The purpose of this study is to describe the prison guards experience their work environment. The Demand-Control-Support-model have been used in this study as theoretical perspective.

    To get the purpose answered, a qualitative method was done with a goal-directed selection where five prison guards were interviewed individually. All the interviews were semi-structured and recorded then transcribed, and afterwards analysed. The interview person who was interviewed are working in the same prison and have worked there for different amount of time.

    The results showed that the interview persons felt that the management put a high pressure even if they are short of staff and nothing has changed even if the staff remarks it. The psychosocial work environment for the interview persons was that the work is psychologically stressful because of the high demands from the management and even the daily threat from the inmates. But the interview persons felt that collaboration among the colleagues is so good that the job satisfaction increase.

    Keywords: Demand-Control-Support model, Prison guard, Qualitative method, Work environment.

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  • 26.
    Abdulwasai, Kalid
    Mälardalen University, School of Health, Care and Social Welfare.
    SOCIALA MEDIER OCH STRESS BLAND UNGDOMAR: En kvantitativ studie om användning av sociala medier och stress bland gymnasieelever2023Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (One Year)), 20 credits / 30 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Background: Stress can have both positive and negative effects on the human body. Prolonged stress without recovery can lead to public health issues. The use of social media is increasing among young people. Even lot of use of social media can lead to serious consequences. The stress-vulnerability model has been applied to this study as a theoretical framework.

    Aim: The aim of the study was to study if there is a relationship between use of social media and stress among high school students. 

    Method: A quantitative study with a cross-sectional design was conducted among high school students. Convenience selection was used, with a response rate of 100 precent among 105 respondents. Spearman's rho correlation was used to analyze the relationship. Three research questions were formulated to answer the purpose of the study.

    Result: The majority of respondents use social media for at least three hours per day. Three out of four respondents experience daily stress. The study showed a weak positive correlation between social media use and stress.

    Conclusion: The study showed that almost all respondents use social media. The majority spent more than three hours per day on social media. The study also revealed a weak positive significant associations between social media and stress.

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  • 27.
    Abdulwasi, Aminna
    et al.
    Mälardalen University, School of Health, Care and Social Welfare. Akademin för hälsa, vård och välfärd (HVV).
    Sisay, Bintou
    Mälardalen University, School of Health, Care and Social Welfare. Akademin för hälsa, vård och välfärd (HVV).
    VÅRDMILJÖNS BETYDELSE FÖR PATIENTENS ÅTERHÄMTNING2022Independent thesis Basic level (university diploma), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
  • 28.
    Abed, Hadir Carmen
    Mälardalen University, School of Health, Care and Social Welfare.
    Utanförskapsarbete i en kommun: En kvalitativ studie om hur en kommun arbetar med utanförskapsfrågor2019Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    There are differences in health between different groups in society. The differences can cause negative consequences for individuals and for the society. Young adults, immigrants, people with addiction problems, contributions dependent, people with diagnoses are currently outside the labor market who are more likely to end up in social exclusion. Individuals who are far from the labor market can affect their life situation, which usually has negative consequences. Work today is a central part of individuals lives that’s gives a sense of context and meaningfulness. The aim of the study is to analyse communal employees experience of work with exclusion. To answer the study’s purpose, a qualitative method was used, and semi-structured interviews were conducted with five communal employees who work with people in social exclusion in a communal in the middle of Sweden. The collected material has been analysed through a manifest content analysis. The results show that collaboration between different actors facilitates their ability to provide social support to individuals who are in exclusion. Social support was considered important in work with exclusion because it leads to positive factors. The communal employees highlighted that social context among vulnerable individuals is something that affects them to take part in the society and experience meaningfulness. A reasonable conclusion from the result is that communal employees work to increase the social context among vulnerable people who seek help thereby increasing social support. The participants have highlighted that their work with people is in social exclusion succeeds with the help of their collaboration with actors and authorities.

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  • 29.
    Abrahamsson, Caroline
    et al.
    Mälardalen University, School of Health, Care and Social Welfare.
    Jonsson, Eleonor
    Mälardalen University, School of Health, Care and Social Welfare.
    Samband mellan genetiska faktorer och korsbandsruptur - en litteraturöversikt.2011Independent thesis Basic level (professional degree), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [sv]

    Personer med främre korsbandsruptur utgör en stor patientgrupp för en idrottsverksam sjukgymnast. Skadan är även vanlig hos hundar . Då hund och människa har likartad knäanatomi var det intressant att inkludera båda i samma studie. Alla bakomliggande faktorer till främre korsbandsruptur är inte helt utredda i dagsläget och detta gör det svårt att optimera preventiva åtgärder. En faktor som börjat utredas på senare år är den genetiska, dock inte i någon större utbredning. Syftet med denna uppsats var att sammanställa det aktuella kunskapsläget gällande ett eventuellt samband mellan genetiska faktorer och korsbandsruptur hos människa och hund. Detta studerades i en litteraturstudie, där data framför allt samlades in via vårdvetenskapliga och medicinska databaser. De 15 inkluderade artiklarna analyserades systematiskt genom hela processen och bevisvärde samt evidensstyrka värderades. Resultatet visar att det finns tydliga tecken på ett samband mellan genetiska faktorer och korsbandsruptur för människor. För hundar finns inte något tydligt samband. De granskade studierna visade ej signifikanta samband. Då det saknas studier med högt bevisvärde hos både människa och hund kan inte en stark slutsats dras. Därför behövs vidare forskning för att kunna bekräfta eller utesluta sambandet mellan genetiska faktorer och korsbandsruptur.

  • 30.
    Abrahamsson, Emma
    et al.
    Mälardalen University, School of Health, Care and Social Welfare.
    Arvidsson, Jenny
    Mälardalen University, School of Health, Care and Social Welfare.
    FRIVILLIGT ENSAMSTÅENDE: Kvalitativ intervjustudie om kvinnors erfarenheter i mötet med hälso- och sjukvårdspersonal i samband med assisterad befruktning2020Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (One Year)), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [sv]

    Bakgrund: År 2016 blev det möjligt för ensamstående kvinnor i Sverige att genomgå assisterad befruktning. Nuvarande forskning har bristfällig kunskap om kvinnors erfarenheter av mötet med vårdpersonal och fokuserar mestadels på varför kvinnor frivilligt väljer assisterad befruktning och uppfostra barnen som ensamstående. Syfte: Att beskriva ensamstående kvinnors erfarenheter i mötet med hälso- och sjukvårdspersonal i samband med assisterad befruktning. Metod: Kvalitativ intervjustudie med induktiv ansats. Tio kvinnor från föreningen för frivilligt ensamstående mödrar intervjuades individuellt i semistrukturerade intervjuer. Intervjuerna analyserades med en kvalitativ innehållsanalys. Resultat: I resultatet identifierades fyra kategorier: Kvinnors syn på fertilitetsvård i Sverige, Bemötande från vårdpersonal, Stöd från vårdpersonal samt Betydelsefulla faktorer för god vård. Kvinnorna var tacksamma över möjligheten att genomgå assisterade befruktning i Sverige och kunna bli moder. Kvinnorna hade både positiva och negativa erfarenheter av bemötande och stöd från vårdpersonal. Kvinnorna hade önskan om god vård och samma bemötande som ges till par vid assisterad befruktning, graviditet och förlossning. Det beskrevs att hälso- och sjukvården fortsatt är normativ och behöver utvecklas. Utbildnings- och informationsmaterial behöver uppdateras för att inkludera fler familjekonstellationer. Konklusion: Mer kunskap och utbildning för vårdpersonal kan leda till mer normmedvetet förhållningssätt vilket kan leda till mer jämlik vård för alla.

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  • 31.
    Abrahamsson, Eva
    et al.
    Mälardalen University, School of Health, Care and Social Welfare.
    Sääskilahti, Ida
    Mälardalen University, School of Health, Care and Social Welfare.
    Sjuksköterskors erfarenheter av personcentrerad vård: En allmän litteraturöversikt2019Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Background: In the 1950s there is a shift from an approach where patient have a passive role towards a more actice and participatory role in caring. Laws and policies emphasize patients' rights and the nurse's responsibility for providing good and safe care. Patients describe that person-centered care brings about a sense of trust, dignity, integrity and security. Aim: To describe nurses´ experiences of person-centred care. Method: A general literature review. Result: Nurses could create a care relationship by involving patients, taking into account patients individual preferences. With adapted information for the individual patient, nurses could contribute to an increased knowledge and understanding of the patients. Barriers to the performance of person-centered care arose in a shortage of time and when patients views were abscent. Conclusion: By being attentive and present, nurses can monitor patients change and make visible the needs and values of patients. The fact that the patients are involved in the care gives them an opportunity to grow.

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  • 32.
    Abrahamsson, Marcus
    Mälardalen University, School of Health, Care and Social Welfare.
    Bemötande av anhöriga i samband med dödsfall: En litteraturöversikt över sjuksköterskors erfarenheter2022Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [sv]

    Bakgrund: Som sjuksköterska är det mycket vanligt att bemöta anhöriga när en närstående har avlidit. Flera anhöriga känner sorg och chock efter dödsfallet, samt vittnar om bristande kunskap och kompetens om kommunikation och bemötandet hos vårdpersonalen. Flertalet anhöriga anser också att de blir dåligt bemötta av vårdpersonalen. Samtidigt har sjuksköterskor ett ansvar att ta hänsyn till de anhöriga enligt riktlinjer. Eftersom flera anhöriga vittnar om ett dåligt bemötande från vårdpersonalen verkar det vara värdefullt att få en djupare kunskap om hur sjuksköterskor bemöter anhöriga i samband med dödsfall. Syfte: Att skapa en översikt över sjuksköterskors erfarenheter av att bemöta anhöriga i samband med dödsfall. Metod: En litteraturöversikt bestående av elva artiklar. Åtta artiklar var kvalitativa, två var mixade och en var kvantitativ. Resultat: Artiklarnas syften, deltagare, datainsamlingsmetoder och resultat jämfördes. Det framkom tre olika teman genom analysen av artiklarnas resultat. Temana var, Att ha förutsättningar för att ge stöd till anhöriga vid dödsfall, Att ge stöd samt Att bilda relation med anhöriga. Slutsatser: Stödet till anhöriga ansågs delvis vara bristfälligt på grund av otillräcklig kompetens och utbildning hos sjuksköterskorna.

    Nyckelord: anhöriga, bemötande, dödsfall, erfarenheter, litteraturöversikt, sjuksköterska

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  • 33.
    Abrahamsson, Pia-Marie
    et al.
    Mälardalen University, School of Health, Care and Social Welfare.
    Kron, Viktoria
    Mälardalen University, School of Health, Care and Social Welfare.
    "Det känns som att man blir betraktad som en andra klassens medborgare”: Hur patienter med allvarlig psykisk ohälsa erfar den somatiska vården och psykiatrisjuksköterskans erfarenheter av ansvar för fysisk hälsa i psykiatrisk vård2015Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (One Year)), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [sv]

    Tidigare forskning talar om förutfattade meningar, okunskap, rädsla m.m. hos somatisk vårdpersonal och om patienter som känner sig avskrivna från den somatiska vården med att det är den psykiska ohälsan som är orsak till de fysiska symtomen. Psykiatrins vårdpersonal upplever problem med att vårda den fysiska hälsan hos patienten, då deras specialitet är den psykiska hälsan.  Syftet med denna studie är att beskriva hur patienter med allvarlig psykisk ohälsa erfar den somatiska vården och psykiatrisjuksköterskans erfarenheter av ansvar relaterat till psykiatripatienternas fysiska hälsa. Studien bygger på nio semistrukturerade intervjuer, varav fem intervjuer med patienter och fyra intervjuer med psykiatrisjuksköterskor. Intervjuerna har analyserats utifrån en kvalitativ innehållsanalys. Resultatet visar att patienterna känner sig sedda som sin psykiska sjukdom och upplever sig inte vara lika mycket värda som övriga patienter i den somatiska sjukvården. Psykiatrisjuksköterskorna erfar att det finns många svårigheter både teoretiskt och praktiskt för dem att ta hand om patienternas fysiska hälsa. Slutsatsen är att fördomar upplevs som tyngande för patienterna och orsakar med tiden mer psykisk ohälsa och större risker för deras fysiska hälsa. För sjuksköterskan är det en konst att skilja på vilket som tillhör psykiatriska vårdens ansvar och vad som är ämnat för den somatiska vården.

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  • 34.
    Abrahamsson, Sandra
    et al.
    Mälardalen University, School of Health, Care and Social Welfare.
    Sundbäck, Jenni
    Mälardalen University, School of Health, Care and Social Welfare.
    Överrapporteringens påverkan på patientsäkerheten: En allmän litteraturöversikt2019Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (One Year)), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
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  • 35.
    Abu Eid, Anna
    et al.
    Mälardalen University, School of Health, Care and Social Welfare.
    Jonsson, Josefin
    Mälardalen University, School of Health, Care and Social Welfare.
    Förebyggande faktorer mot compassion fatigue: En allmän litteraturöversikt2019Independent thesis Basic level (university diploma), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [sv]

    Bakgrund: Tidigare forskning visar att vårdtyngden på sjukhusen ökar vilket leder till att vården blir påverkad, då sjuksköterskor anser att de inte vårdar etiskt och moraliskt rätt. Detta på grund av att det inte finns tillräckligt med tid att ge varje patient ”det lilla extra’’ och prioriteringar måste ske. Stressen hos sjuksköterskor ökar på grund av att prioriteringar är medvetna men inte självvalda, medvetenheten leder till att de arbetar på ett sätt sjuksköterskan själv anser är etiskt fel. Denna etiskt betingade stress leder till att kvaliteten på vården påverkas. Stressen kan leda till självanklagelser som “borde jag ha sprungit snabbare mellan patienterna”. På grund av bristfällig återhämtning försvinner krafterna till att ge en god vård. Syfte: Att belysa skyddsfaktorer som förebygger Compassion fatigue (CF) hos sjuksköterskor. Metod: Allmän litteraturöversikt. Där vårdvetenskapliga artiklar av kvalitativa, kvantitativa och mixad metod har använts. Resultat: Få stöd av sina kollegor, ledning och familjemedlemmar var viktiga faktorer för att förebygga CF. Kunskap hur sjuksköterskorna själva fungerar för att kunna minska sin stress, samt att känna compassion satisfaction var viktiga aspekter för att kunna förebygga CF. Slutsats: När sjuksköterskorna kände en mening med vårdandet kunde CF förebyggas.

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  • 36.
    Abukar Mohamed, Sadiyah
    et al.
    Mälardalen University, School of Health, Care and Social Welfare.
    Strömberg, Amina
    Mälardalen University, School of Health, Care and Social Welfare.
    Att vårda patienter vid livets slutskede: En allmän litteraturöversikt om sjuksköterskors erfarenheter2023Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [sv]

    Bakgrund: Vård i livets slutskede handlar om att lindra lidande och öka patientens välbefinnande under sista tid i livet. I sjuksköterskans ansvarsområde ingår det att lindra lidande, främja hälsa och att verka för ett fridfullt och värdigt avslut för patienter. Tidigare forskning visade att patienter uppskattade sjuksköterskors goda omhändertagande och bemötande. Det framkom att patienter erfor att den terminala sjukdomen omkullkastar livet och det uppstod en förlust av kontroll och självbild. Syfte: Syftet var att översiktligt beskriva sjuksköterskors erfarenheter av att vårda patienter vid livets slutskede. Metod: En allmän litteraturöversikt tillämpades med sammanlagt elva vårdvetenskapliga artiklar, varav åtta var kvalitativa, två kvantitativa och en mixad metod. Resultat: Det identifierades fyra olika teman som besvarade sjuksköterskors erfarenheter av att vårda patienter i livets slutskede som var; Kommunikation och utmaningar i vårdandet, Sjuksköterskans behov av utbildning och kompetens, Betydelsen av ett tvärprofessionellt samarbete och slutligen Emotionell påfrestning. Slutsats: Sjuksköterskor erfor att en god kommunikation var grunden för en högkvalitativ vård i livets slutskede. Dock uppstod det kommunikationsutmaningar när patienter och närstående hade olika mål för vården. För att erbjuda säker och god vård där patienters behov tillgodosågs erfor sjuksköterskor behov av specialiserade kunskaper och färdigheter inom palliativ vård.

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    Att vård patienter vid livets slutskede: En allmän litteraturöversikt om sjuksköterskors erfarenheter
  • 37.
    Achieng, Susan Katherine
    et al.
    Mälardalen University, School of Health, Care and Social Welfare.
    Slaiba, Hiba Yacoub
    Mälardalen University, School of Health, Care and Social Welfare.
    VÅRDRELATERADE INFEKTIONER: Ett sjuksköterskeperspektiv2021Independent thesis Basic level (university diploma), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [sv]

    Bakgrund: Ett av sjuksköterskors arbetsområden är att förebygga vårdsrelaterade infektioner [VRI]. VRI är en vårdskada som kan uppstå under sjukhusvistelse. VRI ökar i vården trots aktuella vårdteorier, lagar och riktlinjer. Tidigare forskning påvisar negativa faktorer som orsakar att patienter upplever att förebyggandet av VRI förhindras med ett vårdlidande till följd. Syfte: Att beskriva sjuksköterskor erfarenheter av att förebygga vårdrelaterade infektioner. Metod: En allmän litteraturöversikt baserad på 10 vårdvetenskapliga artiklar. Resultat:Examensarbetets resultat visade att sjuksköterskorna erfor att kunskap och basala hygienrutiner var en viktig del vid VRI och att sjuksköterskorna erfor att det fanns behov av utbildning. Sjuksköterskorna erfor att det fanns en brist på kommunikation mellan sjuksköterskor och patienter. Det framkom även att det fanns en tidsbrist på arbetsplatserna som förhindrade en god och säker vård. Slutsats: Genom att synliggöra sjuksköterskor erfarenheter av att förebygga VRI kan slutsatser dras om att sjuksköterskor är i behov av vidareutbildning inom VRI som bygger på att bredda kunskaper inom yrkesrollen så att patienter hyser tillit, tro och hopp till vården.

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    EXAMENSARBETE
  • 38.
    Achitei, Rodica
    et al.
    Mälardalen University, School of Health, Care and Social Welfare.
    Cruz Barreto de Araújo, Rosa
    Mälardalen University, School of Health, Care and Social Welfare.
    Att stödja äldres autonomi: En litteraturöversikt utifrån sjuksköterskors erfarenheter2020Independent thesis Basic level (university diploma), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [sv]

    Bakgrund: Befolkningen blir allt mer bestående av äldre vilka med åldrandet, pensionering och kroppsvaghet upplever en minskad autonomi. Sjuksköterskans roll i äldres omvårdnad riktas till att behandla människan som en helhet och lindra lidandet. Problem: Fysiska begränsningar, beroendet av vård samt att inte kunna delta i egen vård och förlust av självbestämmande kan resultera i försämring av äldres autonomi. Detta kan leda till en försämring av äldres hälsa. Syfte: att beskriva sjuksköterskans erfarenheter av att stödja äldres autonomi. Metod: En litteraturöversikt med sex kvalitativa, tre kvantitativa och en artikel med mixad metod som analyserades och presenterades i examensarbetets resultat. Resultat: Efter analys framkom det två teman: Sjuksköterskans möjligheter att ge individuell anpassad vård och Sjuksköterskans utmaningar i att kunna ge individuell vård. Slutsats: Sjuksköterskan erfor både möjligheter samt utmaningar i att stödja äldres autonomi. Autonomifrämjande möjligheter erfors utifrån individuell anpassad vård, vårdform samt äldres närstående. Utmaningar erfors av sjuksköterskan i form av tid- och personalbrist samt närstående som begränsar äldres autonomi trots utförande förmågan.

  • 39.
    Ackesten, Emmelie
    et al.
    Mälardalen University, School of Health, Care and Social Welfare.
    Gustafsson, Marie
    Mälardalen University, School of Health, Care and Social Welfare.
    En begränsad vardag: En allmän litteraturöversikt om erfarenheter av att leva med diabetesfotsår2019Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
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  • 40.
    Ackesten, Emmelie
    et al.
    Mälardalen University, School of Health, Care and Social Welfare.
    Linda, Toresäter
    Mälardalen University, School of Health, Care and Social Welfare.
    Anestesisjuksköterskors omsorgsfulla vårdande: Strategier för att lindra oro hos patienter inför anestesi2022Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (One Year)), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [sv]

    Bakgrund: Majoriteten av de patienter som skall genomgå anestesi uppvisar någon form av oro. Anestesisjuksköterskor ansvarar för att bemöta och lindra obehag samt lidande hos patienter i den preoperativa vården. Obehandlad oro orsakar onödigt lidande och kan leda till både kortsiktiga och långsiktiga konsekvenser för patienten såväl som samhället. Därför är det viktigt att anestesisjuksköterskor känner till strategier för att kunna bidraga till lindring hos patienter. Syfte: Syftet är att beskriva strategier för att lindra oro hos patienter inför anestesi. Metod: Systematisk integrerad litteraturöversikt av 23 artiklar enligt Whittemore och Knafl. Resultat: Att skapa trygghet är en viktig och central del i hanteringen av preoperativ oro. Individuellt anpassad information var en förutsättning för att skapa trygghet. Andra strategier som förekom var fysisk beröring, avledning, läkemedel, alternativa behandlingar, ibland enskilt men även i kombination. Slutsats: Examensarbetet presenterar möjliga strategier för anestesisjuksköterskor att använda sig av i mötet med patienter som är oroliga inför anestesi. Resultatet rangordnar inte vilken strategi som fungerar bäst utan ger ett utbud av alternativ till lindring. Strategierna som presenteras kan användas var och en för sig eller kombineras för att uppnå önskat resultat. 

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  • 41.
    Adair, Brooke
    et al.
    Australian Catholic Univ, Sch Allied Hlth, Fitzroy, Vic 3065, Australia..
    Ullenhag, Anna
    Karolinska Inst, Dept Womens & Childrens Hlth, Stockholm, Sweden..
    Keen, Deb
    Griffith Univ, Autism Ctr Excellence, Mt Gravatt, Qld 4122, Australia..
    Granlund, Mats
    Jonkoping Univ, CHILD, Sch Hlth Sci, Jonkoping, Sweden..
    Imms, Christine
    Australian Catholic Univ, Sch Allied Hlth, Fitzroy, Vic 3065, Australia..
    The effect of interventions aimed at improving participation outcomes for children with disabilities: a systematic review2015In: Developmental Medicine & Child Neurology, ISSN 0012-1622, E-ISSN 1469-8749, Vol. 57, no 12, p. 1093-1104Article, review/survey (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    AIM Enhancement of participation has been described as the ultimate outcome for health and educational interventions. The goal of this systematic review was to identify and critically appraise studies that aimed to improve the participation outcomes of children with disabilities. METHOD Nine databases that index literature from the fields of health, psychology, and education were searched to retrieve information on research conducted with children with disabilities aged between 5 years and 18 years. Articles were included if the author(s) reported that participation was an intended outcome of the intervention. The articles included were limited to those reporting high-level primary research, as defined by Australia's National Health and Medical Research Council evidence hierarchy guidelines. No restrictions were placed on the type of intervention being investigated. RESULTS Seven randomized controlled or pseudo-randomized studies were included. Only three of these studies identified participation as a primary outcome. Both individualized and group-based approaches to enhancing participation outcomes appeared to be effective. Studies of interventions with a primary focus on body function or activity level outcomes did not demonstrate an effect on participation outcomes. INTEPRETATION Few intervention studies have focused on participation as a primary outcome measure. Approaches using individually tailored education and mentoring programmes were found to enhance participation outcomes, while exercise programmes, where participation was a secondary outcome, generally demonstrated little effect.

  • 42.
    Adair, Brooke
    et al.
    Australian Catholic Univ, Ctr Disabil & Dev Res, Fitzroy, Vic, Australia..
    Ullenhag, Anna
    Mälardalen University, School of Health, Care and Social Welfare, Health and Welfare.
    Rosenbaum, Peter
    McMaster Univ, Hamilton, ON, Canada..
    Granlund, Mats
    Jonkoping Univ, CHILD, SIDR, Sch Hlth Sci, Jonkoping, Sweden..
    Keen, Deb
    Griffith Univ, Autism Ctr Excellence, Mt Gravatt, Qld, Australia..
    Imms, Christine
    Australian Catholic Univ, Ctr Disabil & Dev Res, Fitzroy, Vic, Australia..
    Measures used to quantify participation in childhood disability and their alignment with the family of participation-related constructs: a systematic review2018In: Developmental Medicine & Child Neurology, ISSN 0012-1622, E-ISSN 1469-8749, Vol. 60, no 11, p. 1101-1116Article, review/survey (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    AimWe aimed to identify measures used to assess the participation of disabled children and to map the measures' content to the family of participation-related constructs (fPRC) to inform future research and practice. MethodSix databases were searched to identify measures used to assess participation in health, psychology, and education research. Included studies involved children aged 0 to 18 years with a permanent impairment or developmental disability and reported use of a quantitative measure of participation. A second search sought relevant literature about each identified measure (including published manuals) to allow a comprehensive understanding of the measure. Measurement constructs of frequently reported measures were then mapped to the fPRC. ResultsFrom an initial yield of 32 767 articles, 578 reported one or more of 118 participation measures. Of these, 51 measures were reported in more than one article (our criterion) and were therefore eligible for mapping to the fPRC. Twenty-one measures quantified aspects of participation attendance, 10 quantified aspects of involvement as discrete scales, and four quantified attendance and involvement in a manner that could not be separated. InterpretationImproved understanding of participation and its related constructs is developing rapidly; thoughtful selection of measures in research is critical to further our knowledge base.

  • 43.
    Adbirahman, Fatma
    et al.
    Mälardalen University, School of Health, Care and Social Welfare.
    Melin, Madelein
    Mälardalen University, School of Health, Care and Social Welfare.
    Överviktiga gravida kvinnors erfarenheter av bemötandet på barnmorskemottagning: En kvalitativ webbaserad enkätundersökning2023Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (One Year)), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [sv]

    Bakgrund: Övervikt och fetma ökar risken för att drabbas av ohälsa och är en av de främsta orsakerna till sjukdom och förtidig död i Sverige. Gravida med övervikt eller fetma har ökat vid inskrivning till barnmorskemottagning. Det finns flertalet risker med att vara gravid och ha fetma både för den gravida och barnet. Barnmorskan har ett ansvar när det kommer till att informera om riskerna med fetma.

    Syfte: Att beskriva överviktiga gravida kvinnors erfarenheter av bemötandet på barnmorskemottagning.

    Metod: Kvalitativ metod med induktiv ansats. En webbenkät som besvarades av 36 gravida kvinnor med fetma. Enkätsvaren analyserades med innehållsanalys.

    Resultat: Tre kategorier och nio subkategorier utgjorde resultatet. Barnmorskors förhållningssätt varierade. Erfarenheterna av bemötandet var varierat. Kvinnorna önskade bli sedda som mer än vikten. Vidare var fetma ett känsligt ämne att ta upp.

    Slutsats: Ett behov av att bli sedd som alla andra framkom. Det ansågs även viktigt att barnmorskan inte bemötte den gravida på ett dömande sätt utan talade om fetma utan att lägga någon värdering vid ämnet. Erfarenheter av stigmatisering framkom. Barnmorskor behöver ytterligare kunskap för att kunna bemöta gravida kvinnor med fetma på ett bättre sätt.

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  • 44.
    Adeyemo, Egle
    et al.
    Mälardalen University, School of Health, Care and Social Welfare.
    Ivashova, Viktoriya
    Mälardalen University, School of Health, Care and Social Welfare.
    Att flytta till ett särskilt boende: En literaturstudie om äldres upplevelser2022Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
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  • 45.
    Adhikari, Shambhu P.
    et al.
    Kathmandu Univ, Sch Med Sci, Dept Physiotherapy, Dhulikhel, Nepal..
    Dev, Rubee
    San Yat Sen Univ, Global Hlth Inst, Sch Publ Hlth, Guanghou, Peoples R China..
    Sandborgh, Maria
    Mälardalen University, School of Health, Care and Social Welfare, Health and Welfare.
    Alternatives to routinely used physiotherapy interventions for achieving maximum patients' benefits and minimising therapists' exposure in treatment of COVID-19 - a commentary2020In: European Journal of Physiotherapy, ISSN 2167-9169, E-ISSN 2167-9177, Vol. 22, no 6, p. 373-378Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The evidence and effectiveness of physiotherapy interventions in treatment of patients with confirmed or suspected coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is limited. Routinely used interventions in physiotherapy imply a very high risk for physiotherapists because the duration of direct contact with patients is quite long. Physiotherapy may need to be administered by weighing the benefit-risk ratio. Therefore, there is a critical and urgent need to adopt alternatives or modified forms of physiotherapy interventions. As the situation for management of COVID-19 in low-resource contexts could differ from that in high resource context, interventions need to be adapted to the available resources and technology in various settings. Tele-physiotherapy could be a viable option for patients who are in acute care in the hospital, in rehabilitation unit or under quarantine at home due to confirmed or suspected COVID-19. Modification in physiotherapy interventions and adjustment in intervention parameters may serve as an alternative strategy. This article describes alternatives to and/or modification of routinely used physiotherapy interventions for achieving maximum patients' benefits and minimising therapists' exposure in treatment of individuals with confirmed or suspected COVID-19.

  • 46.
    Adlerteg, Veronica
    Mälardalen University, School of Health, Care and Social Welfare.
    Nackfunktion efter främre cervikal fusion2016Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
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  • 47.
    Adolfsson, Margareta
    et al.
    Jönköping Univ.
    Granlund, Mats
    Jönköping Univ.
    Bjorck-Akesson, Eva
    Jönköping Univ.
    Ibragimova, Nina
    Mälardalen University, School of Education, Culture and Communication.
    Pless, Mia
    Jönköping Univ.
    EXPLORING CHANGES OVER TIME IN HABILITATION PROFESSIONALS' PERCEPTIONS AND APPLICATIONS OF THE INTERNATIONAL CLASSIFICATION OF FUNCTIONING, DISABILITY AND HEALTH, VERSION FOR CHILDREN AND YOUTH (ICF-CY)2010In: Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine, ISSN 1650-1977, E-ISSN 1651-2081, Vol. 42, no 7, p. 670-678Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Objective: This study explored how professionals in interdisciplinary teams perceived the implementation of the World Health Organization's International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health, version for Children and Youth (ICF-CY) in Swedish habilitation services. Design: Descriptive longitudinal mixed-methods design. Methods: Following participation in a 2-day in-service training on the ICF-CY, 113 professionals from 14 interdisciplinary teams described their perceptions of the implementation of the ICF-CY at 3 consecutive time-points: during in-service training, after 1 year, and after 2.5 years. Results: Implementation of the ICF-CY in daily work focused on assessment and habilitation planning and required adaptations of routines and materials. The ICF-CY was perceived as useful in supporting analyses and in communication about children's needs. Professionals also perceived it as contributing to new perspectives on problems and a sharpened focus on participation. Conclusion: Professionals indicated that the ICF-CY enhanced their awareness of families' views of child participation, which corresponded to organizational goals for habilitation services. An implementation finding was a lack of tools fitting the comprehensive ICF-CY perspective. The study points to the need for ICF-CY-based assessment and intervention methods focusing on child participation.

  • 48.
    Afram, Cecilia
    et al.
    Mälardalen University, School of Health, Care and Social Welfare.
    Alhemedawi, Marwa
    Mälardalen University, School of Health, Care and Social Welfare.
    Anhörigas erfarenheter av att leva nära en person med demenssjukdom: En allmän litteraturöversikt2023Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [sv]

    Bakgrund: I Sverige insjuknar 20000–25000 människor i någon form av demenssjukdom varje år och ungefär lika många där. 150 000 personer lever idag med demenssjukdom i Sverige och av de bor cirka 60% i egen bostad. Demens är en sjukdom som inte drabbar den som är sjuk, utan de anhöriga i personens närhet också drabbas. Därför kallas det ibland de anhörigas sjukdom. Syftet: Att beskriva anhörigas erfarenheter av att leva nära en person med demenssjukdom. Metod: En allmän litteraturöversikt har utförts med hjälp av nio kvalitativa artiklar och en kvantitativ artikel. Resultat: Anhörigas erfarenheter delades i tre teman. Anhöriga beskriver hur de har valt att acceptera sin situation för att underlätta vården av sin anhörighet. Anhöriga tar också upp hur bristen på stöd och hjälp i samhället bidrar till att vårdbördan för anhörigvårdaren till slut blir så stor att en placering på ett boende är en sista utväg. Slutsats: Rätt stöd och hjälp till anhöriga från början är av stor betydelse för hur länge de ska orka försätta med vården av sin anhörighet i det egna hemmet. De anhöriga sparar stora summor pengar åt samhället varje år samtidigt som de minskar sina anhörigas lidande.

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  • 49.
    Afua Quaye, Angela
    et al.
    Lund University.
    Castor, Charlotte
    Lund University.
    Coyne, Imelda
    Trinity College, Dublin, Irland.
    Söderbäck, Maja
    Mälardalen University, School of Health, Care and Social Welfare, Health and Welfare.
    Kristensson Hallström, Inger
    Lund University.
    How are children’s best interests expressed during their hospital visit?: An observational study2021In: Journal of Clinical Nursing, ISSN 0962-1067, E-ISSN 1365-2702, Vol. 30, no 23-24, p. 3644-3656Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Aims and objectives: To describe ways in which children's best interests were observed to be expressed in paediatric settings during their hospital visit. Background: The best interests of the child are embodied in national and international legal systems, although the definition remains problematic. The child's limited autonomy mandates duty bearers to have both a child perspective and the child's perspective when considering what the best interest of the child entails in care situations. Design: A qualitative descriptive study with overt, non-participant observations fulfilling the COREQ criteria. Methods: Thirty-two observations of interactions between children aged 2 to 17 years with both acute and chronic conditions, their parents and healthcare professionals were conducted at three paediatric hospitals in Sweden. Inductive and abductive reasoning were used in the content analysis of data, which followed the identification, coding, categorising and abstraction of observed patterns of the best interest of the child. Results: Findings reveal facilitating and obstructing factors for the child's best interests to be safeguarded in healthcare situations. Children were guided in or hindered from exercising their competence. The observations showed a variation in actions taken by both parents and healthcare professionals to safeguard the best interests of the child. Conclusions: Determining the best interest of the child requires a case-by-case basis, as it is context-dependent, situational, flexible and dependent on all actors involved and actual decisions made. Relevance to clinical practice: Healthcare professionals’ actions can facilitate or obstruct observed expressions of the child's best interest. It is essential to enhance healthcare professionals’ communication skills, knowledge awareness and continuing education about the rights of children receiving healthcare services. Reflections and discussions on how to protect the best interests of children may help healthcare professionals to uphold children's best interest in daily clinical practice.

  • 50.
    Ageborg, Linus
    et al.
    Mälardalen University, School of Health, Care and Social Welfare.
    Larsson, Johan
    Mälardalen University, School of Health, Care and Social Welfare.
    ERFARENHETER AV ATT INTEGRERA ETT BETEENDEMEDICINSKT ARBETSSÄTT FÖR ATT STÖTTA PATIENTER: En kvalitativ intervjustudie2023Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
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    ERFARENHETER AV ATT INTEGRERA ETT BETEENDEMEDICINSKT ARBETSSÄTT FÖR ATT STÖTTA PATIENTER
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