There is a rising demand for energy and at the same time, fossil fuels need to be phased out
due to global warming. This means that the energy needs to come from renewable energy
resources, for instance photovoltaics. One issue with such energy sources is that they may
have variating production which can induce issues with stability in the electrical grid.
This study aims to investigate hydrogen in Sweden as energy storage and vehicle fuel.
Methods used are literature review, interviews and calculations.
According to the interviews are one of the main issues with implementing hydrogen the lack
of standards. Today it is the local fire department who approves of hydrogen system which
induces irregularities in the handling. It is also said that none of the projects in the interviews
is profitable moneywise, something that also can be seen in the calculations. In order to reach
break-even some serious changes with regarding costs of components or the alternative, for
instance, fossil fuel and electricity. The application closest to break even is transportation
which demands a 90 % decrease in component price or a 10-fold increase in fossil fuel price.
In conclusion, there are future applications for hydrogen as energy storage, vehicle fuel and
in industry, apart from the current industry applications. The most sustainable way to
produce hydrogen is via electrolysis with emission-free electricity. In order for hydrogen to
become economically viable, the target case is not enough but even greater cost reductions
are needed.