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Development and Evaluation of Algorithms for Breath Alcohol Screening
Mälardalen University, School of Innovation, Design and Engineering, Embedded Systems. Hök Instrument AB, Sweden.ORCID iD: 0000-0003-3286-2572
Hök Instrument AB, Sweden.
Mälardalen University, School of Innovation, Design and Engineering, Embedded Systems.ORCID iD: 0000-0002-5832-5452
2016 (English)In: Sensors, E-ISSN 1424-8220, Vol. 16, no 4, article id 469Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

Breath alcohol screening is important for traffic safety, access control and other areas of health promotion. A family of sensor devices useful for these purposes is being developed and evaluated. This paper is focusing on algorithms for the determination of breath alcohol concentration in diluted breath samples using carbon dioxide to compensate for the dilution. The examined algorithms make use of signal averaging, weighting and personalization to reduce estimation errors. Evaluation has been performed by using data from a previously conducted human study. It is concluded that these features in combination will significantly reduce the random error compared to the signal averaging algorithm taken alone.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
2016. Vol. 16, no 4, article id 469
National Category
Medical Engineering
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-29905DOI: 10.3390/s16040469ISI: 000375153700049PubMedID: 27043576Scopus ID: 2-s2.0-84962424447OAI: oai:DiVA.org:mdh-29905DiVA, id: diva2:881496
Available from: 2015-12-10 Created: 2015-12-10 Last updated: 2022-02-10Bibliographically approved
In thesis
1. High Performance Breath Analysis
Open this publication in new window or tab >>High Performance Breath Analysis
2016 (English)Licentiate thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
Abstract [en]

Alcohol breath testing on a larger scale will save lives. Alcohol abuse is a major contributor to death and disease. Alcohol intake affects the human body by significantly longer response time to external stimuli. In situations where the senses need to be on alert this delay can be the difference between life and death. To make the alcohol breath test more available in everyday use, the mouthpiece has been removed. Instead, the exhaled alcohol is measured directly in a diluted sample. The dilution can be accounted for by simultaneous measurement of an endogenous tracer gas. Because of the lack of a mouthpiece several additional factors influence the alcohol measurement, e.g. the obvious lower abundance of analyte gas, shorter time of analysis and physiological aspects of the tracer gas. My studies include sensor development and validation through laboratory experiments as well as human subject studies. Several sensor parameters are crucial for the functionality of the alcohol detection system and are in need of careful investigation. Human behaviour and physiology also needs further understanding. A better understanding of the system provides vital knowledge for the design of smarter algorithms. Planning, conducting and evaluation of these studies lie within the scope of the licentiate thesis.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Västerås: Mälardalen University, 2016. p. 87
Series
Mälardalen University Press Licentiate Theses, ISSN 1651-9256 ; 225
National Category
Electrical Engineering, Electronic Engineering, Information Engineering
Research subject
Electronics
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-29883 (URN)978-91-7485-249-3 (ISBN)
Presentation
2016-01-28, Delta, Mälardalens högskola, Västerås, 09:15 (English)
Opponent
Available from: 2015-12-11 Created: 2015-12-09 Last updated: 2017-01-03Bibliographically approved
2. High performance breath alcohol analysis
Open this publication in new window or tab >>High performance breath alcohol analysis
2017 (English)Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
Abstract [en]

Alcohol breath testing on a larger scale will save lives. Alcohol intake affects the human body by significantly longer response time to external stimuli. In demanding situations where the senses need to be on alert a prolonged reaction time can be the difference between life and death, both for the intoxicated subject and for surrounding  individuals.

The aims of this thesis include investigations of a new type of breath alcohol sensor, designed for operation without a mouthpiece, both with regards to sensor performance as well as usability in relation to various breath  alcohol  screening applications.

In many situations where breath alcohol screening is suitable, there is a need for quick and easy use. The instrument should interfere as little as possible with the regular routines and procedures. One such task is driving. To accommodate for these needs in an in-vehicle application, the breath alcohol sensing system must be seamlessly installed in the vehicle and not interfere with the normal behavior of the sober driver. Driving is also a task requiring high level of concentration over a prolonged period of time. In the U.S. alone thousands of lives are annually lost in accidents where the driver was under the influence of  alcohol.  Similar numbers have been recorded for Europe. The potential for a system handling the needs for ease-of-use is huge and may result in successful products.

The results presented within this thesis provide experimental evidence of sufficient sensor performance for screening applications with an instrument operating without a mouthpiece. Smarter calculation methods were also shown to be a feasible path to improved measurement reliability. Important steps towards an even more passive solution for in-vehicle screening is also presented. Experiments showed that given enough time and sensor resolution, passive alcohol detection systems are feasible.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Västerås: Malardalen University Press, 2017
Series
Mälardalen University Press Dissertations, ISSN 1651-4238 ; 240
National Category
Electrical Engineering, Electronic Engineering, Information Engineering
Research subject
Electronics
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-36634 (URN)978-91-7485-350-6 (ISBN)
Public defence
2017-11-15, Delta, Mälardalens högskola, Västerås, 09:15 (English)
Opponent
Supervisors
Available from: 2017-10-04 Created: 2017-10-04 Last updated: 2017-10-12Bibliographically approved

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Ljungblad, JonasEkström, Mikael

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