Biodiesel can be produced through transesterification process with alcohols by using batch reactors with homogeneous catalysts. However, this type of operation process exhibits low efficiency along with issues on the post-treatment or recycle of homogeneous catalysts. To improve those shortcomings, new intensified continuous reactors and heterogeneous catalysts have been developed to meet both the requirement of high-efficiency and low-pollution. This chapter will summarize the recent progress of intensified reactors and new solid heterogeneous catalysts for biodiesel production, which will provide solid foundations to analyze the potential continuous reactors and solid heterogeneous catalysts for large-scale biodiesel production. Furthermore, the economic analysis and ecological issues are also demonstrated in the end. © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.