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Vårdande av patienter inom palliativ omvårdnad: En allmän litteraturöversikt ur sjuksköterskors perspektiv
Mälardalen University, School of Health, Care and Social Welfare.
Mälardalen University, School of Health, Care and Social Welfare.
2024 (Swedish)Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
Abstract [sv]

Bakgrund: Palliativ omvårdnad bör utföras utifrån en humanistisk helhetssyn med utgångspunkt i att upprätthålla livskvalitet och autonomi. Patienter och anhöriga eftersträvade välfungerande kommunikation och stöd för att kunna förberedas inför döden och lindra lidande. Patienter och anhöriga påverkades negativt av sjuksköterskors bristande kompetenser och kommunikation samt vid otrygga vårdmiljöer. Syfte: Syftet var att beskriva sjuksköterskors erfarenheter av palliativ omvårdnad. Metod: En allmän litteraturöversikt genomfördes och tolv artiklar analyserades, varav tio artiklar var kvalitativa och två artiklar kvantitativa. Resultat: I resultatet identifierades fyra teman gällande arbetsrelaterade utmaningar, kommunikation, emotionella erfarenheter och vårdrelationer. Sjuksköterskorna beskrev arbetsrelaterade utmaningar som bristande kompetenser, försvårade samarbeten, hög arbetsbelastning och tidsbrist. Sjuksköterskorna beskrev att välfungerande kommunikation underlättade omvårdnadsarbete, medan bristfällig försvårade. Sjuksköterskorna beskrev att palliativ omvårdnad medförde emotionella utmaningar, men att det inte var enbart negativt utan bidrog till utveckling. Slutligen beskrev sjuksköterskorna betydelsen av att etablera vårdrelationer inom palliativ omvårdnad. Slutsats: Palliativ omvårdnad var komplex att utföra. Sjuksköterskorna var i behov av kompetensutveckling och gynnsamma arbetsmiljöer för att utförande av palliativ omvårdnad skulle kunna förbättras. Välfungerande, respektfull kommunikation bidrog till att värdighet hos patienter och anhöriga upprätthölls. Reflektion var en strategi som bidrog till utveckling. Etablerade vårdrelationer och personcentrerad omvårdnad var väsentliga för palliativ omvårdnad.  

Abstract [en]

Background: Palliative care should be carried out based on a humanistic holistic view with the starting point of maintaining quality of life and autonomy. Patients and relatives strived for well-functioning communication and support in order to prepare for death and alleviate suffering. Patients and relatives were negatively affected by nurses’ lack of competence and communication and by an unsafe care environment. Aim: The aim was to describe nurses’ experiences of palliative care. Method: A literature review was conducted and twelve articles were analyzed, of which ten articles were qualitative and two articles were quantitative. Result: Four themes were identified in the results about work-related challenges, communication, emotional experiences, and care relationships. The nurses described work-related challenges such as lack of competence, difficult collaboration, high workload, and lack of time. The importance of communication was made clear when well-functioning communication made the work easier and when poor communication made the work difficult for the nurses. The nurses described emotional distress in palliative care. Emotional distress did not only have a negative impact but contributed to development. Finally, the nurses described the importance of establishing care relationships within palliative care. Conclusion: Palliative care was complex to perform. The nurses needed competence development and favorable working environments so that performance of palliative care could be improved. Well-functioning, respectful communication contributed to maintaining the dignity of patients and relatives. Reflection was an important strategy that contributed to development. Established care relationships and person-centred care were essential to palliative care. 

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
2024. , p. 34
Keywords [en]
Care relationships, challenges, communication, experiences, literature review
Keywords [sv]
Allmän litteraturöversikt, erfarenheter, kommunikation, utmaningar, vårdrelationer
National Category
Nursing
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-65725OAI: oai:DiVA.org:mdh-65725DiVA, id: diva2:1831674
Subject / course
Caring Science
Supervisors
Examiners
Available from: 2024-02-01 Created: 2024-01-26 Last updated: 2024-02-01Bibliographically approved

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