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REACT: Enabling Real-Time Container Orchestration
Mälardalen University, School of Innovation, Design and Engineering, Embedded Systems.
TTTech Computertechnik AG, Vienna, Austria.
Mälardalen University, School of Innovation, Design and Engineering, Embedded Systems.ORCID iD: 0000-0003-3469-1834
Mälardalen University, School of Innovation, Design and Engineering, Embedded Systems.ORCID iD: 0000-0002-1687-930X
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2021 (English)Conference paper, Published paper (Refereed)
Abstract [en]

Fog and edge computing offer the flexibility and decentralized architecture benefits of cloud computing without suffering from the latency issues inherent in the cloud. This makes fog computing very attractive in real-time and safety-critical applications, especially if combined with container-based technologies. Whereas different orchestration systems are available to manage the container placement based on their resource demand, no orchestration system is considering real-time requirements for containerized applications. In this paper, we present the architecture and design of a real-time container orchestrator based on Kubernetes. Moreover, this paper defines metrics for the performance evaluation of real-time containers and describes an initial model for allocating a mixture of real-time and non-real-time containers. We present an initial implementation of our real-time container extension and evaluate its feasibility on Linux-based systems.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
2021.
National Category
Computer Sciences Computer Systems
Research subject
Computer Science
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-55678DOI: 10.1109/ETFA45728.2021.9613685ISI: 000766992600242Scopus ID: 2-s2.0-85122933803ISBN: 978-1-7281-2989-1 (electronic)OAI: oai:DiVA.org:mdh-55678DiVA, id: diva2:1588897
Conference
26th IEEE International Conference on Emerging Technologies and Factory Automation, ETFA 2021Virtual, Vasteras7 September 2021 through 10 September 2021. Code 175001
Available from: 2021-08-30 Created: 2021-08-30 Last updated: 2022-06-07Bibliographically approved
In thesis
1. Improving Soft Real-time Performance of Fog Computing
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Improving Soft Real-time Performance of Fog Computing
2021 (English)Licentiate thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
Abstract [en]

Fog computing is a distributed computing paradigm that brings data processing from remote cloud data centers into the vicinity of the edge of the network. The computation is performed closer to the source of the data, and thus it decreases the time unpredictability of cloud computing that stems from (i) the computation in shared multi-tenant remote data centers, and (ii) long distance data transfers between the source of the data and the data centers. The computation in fog computing provides fast response times and enables latency sensitive applications. However, industrial systems require time-bounded response times, also denoted as RT. The correctness of such systems depends not only on the logical results of the computations but also on the physical time instant at which these results are produced. Time-bounded responses in fog computing are attributed to two main aspects: computation and communication.   

In this thesis, we explore both aspects targeting soft RT applications in fog computing in which the usefulness of the produced computational results degrades with real-time requirements violations. With regards to the computation, we provide a systematic literature survey on a novel lightweight RT container-based virtualization that ensures spatial and temporal isolation of co-located applications. Subsequently, we utilize a mechanism enabling RT container-based virtualization and propose a solution for orchestrating RT containers in a distributed environment. Concerning the communication aspect, we propose a solution for a dynamic bandwidth distribution in virtualized networks.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Västerås: Mälardalen University, 2021
Series
Mälardalen University Press Licentiate Theses, ISSN 1651-9256 ; 310
Keywords
Fog computing, real-time systems, cloud, virtualization
National Category
Computer Systems
Research subject
Computer Science
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-55679 (URN)978-91-7485-517-3 (ISBN)
Presentation
2021-09-28, room Paros and online, Mälardalens högskola, Västerås, 13:30 (English)
Opponent
Supervisors
Available from: 2021-08-31 Created: 2021-08-30 Last updated: 2021-09-07Bibliographically approved

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Struhar, VaclavAshjaei, Seyed Mohammad HosseinBehnam, MorisPapadopoulos, Alessandro

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