The growing trend toward enterprise systems (ES) adoption serves to highlight a number of issues that merit careful managerial consideration. We present a conceptual model delineating the antecedents and consequences of ES adoption based on scholarly insights from multiple literature streams. Managers should consider that in order to improve firm performance by ES adoption, they need to embed these systems in supply chain integration and competition capabilities. In this context, we highlight the supply chain integration, competition capabilities, firm performance and other issues.