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Avancerade alternativa inmatningsenheter till datorer för funktionshindrade
Mälardalen University, School of Innovation, Design and Engineering. (Medicinsk teknik)
2011 (Swedish)Licentiate thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
Abstract [sv]

Datorn är ett viktigt verktyg i vår vardag. För rörelsehindrade kan datorn vara en förutsättning för att kunna fungera i vardagen. Datorn har som tekniskt hjälpmedel gett funktionshindrade större möjligheter till meningsfulla aktiviteter, såsom att på egen hand skriva, läsa och kommunicera. Samtidigt är det inte alltid funktionshindrade klarar av att använda vanliga datorer utan behöver alternativa inmatnings- och styrenheter.

Målet med denna licentiatavhandling har varit att utveckla tekniker som ska stödja personer med rörelsebegränsningar. Främst har arbetet varit att utveckla alternativa tekniker för att kunna manövrera en dator. Viktiga aspekter i arbetet har varit att göra hjälpmedlen användarvänliga, möjliga att individanpassa, och att ta tillvara de tänkta användarnas synpunkter kring behov och önskemål. Vidare har inmatningsenheten utvärderats av användare och även tillämpats som ett rehabiliteringsverktyg för en mindre patientgrupp med nackskador, så kallade pisksnärtskador.

Utöver dessa vetenskapliga mål har produktionsaspekterna varit viktiga. För att säkerställa att enheten ska kunna bli en produkt måste den kunna produceras och säljas till ett rimligt pris och detta måste beaktas under hela utvecklingsprocessen.

En alternativ datormus baserad på MEMS-gyroskop har utvecklats. Utvecklingen är gjord utifrån de krav de tilltänka användarna ställde på den alternativa datormusen och enheten är utprovad och förbättrad i en iterativ process mellan utvecklare och användare, så kallad användarcentrerad utvecklingsprocess. MEMS-gyron var den typ av rörelsesensor som bäst svarade mot de krav som ställdes på enheten. De användare som deltog vid ett längre fältprov var samtliga nöjda och ville behålla musen.

För att underlätta processen att välja rätt typ av gyro och att kunna utvärdera deras stabilitet under olika omgivningsfaktorer, såsom temperatur och vibrationer, har en testrig för gyron utvecklats. Människors rörelsemönster skiljer sig från industriella tillämpningar och därför behövs en speciell testrigg. Testriggen roterar gyron och mäter sensorsignalen under olika betingelser. Flera gyron kan testas samtidigt och testdatat kan sparas och analyseras i efterhand.

Ett interaktivt datorbaserat träningsprogram har utvecklats och utvärderats vid en pilotstudie tillsammans med den alternativa datormusen. Syftet var att låta nackskadade utföra huvudrörelser och få en feedback på att de tränar rätt. Resultatet pekar på att detta kan vara en lovande metod.

Abstract [en]

Computers are important tools. People with motion disabilities sometimes are dependent on a computer and used as a technical aid the computer has improved the possibilities to perform meaningfull tasks, as writing, reading and communicating. However, disabled often need an alternative input device to control a computer.

 

The aim with this licentiate theses has been to develope techniques to support persons with motion limitations. Focus has been to develope alternative techniqes to control a computer. Important aspects have been user-friendlieness, possiblilities to perform individual adaptions and incorporatation of specifications from the intended users. Further, the input device has been evaluated by users and applied as a rehabilitation tool for a smaller patient group of persons with whiplash associated disorders.

 

Further, production aspects are important. To make the unit into a product, it has to be possible to produce and sell to a reasonable price. This has to be considered during the whole development process.

 

An alternative computer mouse based on a MEMS gyroscope has been developed. The specifications made by the users has been used as a starting point in the development and the unit has been evaluated and improved in an iterative process, so called user centric development. MEMS-gyros were the type of motion sensors most corresponding to the demands. The users that participated in a longer field test were all satisfied and wanted to keep the mouse.

 

To improve the process to choose right kind of gyro and to be able to evaluate their stability depending on factors as temperature and vibration, a test-rigg for gyros has been developed. Human motion pattern differs from industrial applications and therefor a special test-rigg was needed. The testrigg rotates the gyros and measures the sensor signal. Several gyros can be tested simultaneously and data can be stored and analysed afterwards.

 

An interactive computerbased training program has been developed and evaluated in a pilot study together with the altrenative computer mouse. The aim has been to let people with neck injuries perform head motions and get feedback that they perform the right kind of training. The result is promising.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Västerås: Mälardalen University , 2011.
Series
Mälardalen University Press Licentiate Theses, ISSN 1651-9256 ; 133
Keywords [sv]
inmatningsenheter, funktionshindrade, datormus, MEMS-gyro
National Category
Biomedical Laboratory Science/Technology
Research subject
Electronics
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-12286ISBN: 978-91-7485-020-8 (print)OAI: oai:DiVA.org:mdh-12286DiVA, id: diva2:418340
Presentation
2011-06-09, Delta, R-huset, Högskoleplan 1, Västerås, 13:15 (Swedish)
Opponent
Supervisors
Available from: 2011-05-23 Created: 2011-05-21 Last updated: 2011-06-07Bibliographically approved
List of papers
1. Development of a gyro sensor based computer mouse with USB interface interface as technical aid for disabled persons
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Development of a gyro sensor based computer mouse with USB interface interface as technical aid for disabled persons
2005 (English)In: 3rd European Medical & Biological Engineering Conference (EMBEC’05), Vienna (Austria): Society for the Organization of the European Medical and Biological Engineering Conference EMBEC , 2005Conference paper, Published paper (Refereed)
Abstract [en]

This paper describes the development of an alternative computer mouse for disabled persons. The mouse is an advanced technical aid for a large group of disabled (handicapped) persons, and can be placed on variuos suitable body parts. The mouse is module based and have many functions that enable a disabled persons to control a computer. It also allows the person to work efficent on the computer. The functions have been developed togehter with disabled persons and are based on their wishes and needs. Therfor it is not only a «head-mouse», it is an alternative mouse! The device is a gyro sensor based computer mouse and it operates by sensing the rotation of a body part. The disabled users appreciated the high sensitivity of the mouse and that it is easy to install and use, thanks the USB «plug&play» functionality. The mouse is a small and comfortable computer mouse that suits a various groups of disabled persons with different types of movement handicaps.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Vienna (Austria): Society for the Organization of the European Medical and Biological Engineering Conference EMBEC, 2005
Series
European Medical and Biological Engineering Conference EMBEC, ISSN 1727-1983 ; 3
Keywords
computer mouse, disabled, gyro, technical aid
National Category
Control Engineering
Research subject
Electronics
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-12299 (URN)
Conference
3rd European Medical & Biological Engineering Conference (EMBEC’05), 2005, 20-25 nov, Prague, Czech Republic
Available from: 2011-05-22 Created: 2011-05-22 Last updated: 2013-12-03Bibliographically approved
2. Portable sensor system for rehabilitation of WAD patients
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Portable sensor system for rehabilitation of WAD patients
Show others...
2009 (English)In: Proceedings of the 6th International Workshop on Wearable, Micro, and Nano Technologies for Personalized Health: "Facing Future Healthcare Needs", IEEE , 2009, p. 65-68Conference paper, Published paper (Refereed)
Abstract [en]

Whiplash Associated Disorders (WAD) are several remaining symptoms after an acceleration-/deceleration injury of the neck, often due to a road accident. Common symptoms are neck pain, headache, stiffness, loss of sensation, memory impairment and concentration difficulties. The whiplash-related injuries were estimated to cost Sweden more than SEK 4 billion 2005, the main part of these costs takes the form of compensation for loss of income, as a result of incapacity for work. The aim of this project has been to develop a training and rehabilitation system for patients suffering from WAD. The portable system is based on a 2-axis gyroscopic sensor with a computer interface. The sensor system is placed on the head of the patient and movements of the head are mirrored on the computer screen. The patient is supposed to follow a visible track on the screen. This enables interactive training facilities for patients, who can use the system unsupervised in their home environment.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
IEEE, 2009
National Category
Control Engineering
Research subject
Electronics
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-9120 (URN)10.1109/PHEALTH.2009.5754833 (DOI)2-s2.0-79956099314 (Scopus ID)978-1-4244-5253-8 (ISBN)978-1-4244-5252-1 (ISBN)
Conference
6th International Workshop on Wearable, Micro, and Nano Technologies for Personalized Health: "Facing Future Healthcare Needs", pHealth 2009; Oslo; Norway; 24 June 2009 through 26 June 2009; Category numberCFP38I-ART; Code 84833
Available from: 2010-03-03 Created: 2010-03-03 Last updated: 2019-01-29Bibliographically approved
3. Development of a Test Rig for MEMS-based Gyroscopic Motion Sensors in Human Applications
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Development of a Test Rig for MEMS-based Gyroscopic Motion Sensors in Human Applications
2011 (English)In: IFMBE Proceedings,  Volume 34 IFMBE, 2011, 2011, p. 203-206Conference paper, Published paper (Refereed)
Abstract [en]

This paper describes the development of a test rig for MEMS gyroscopes. The purpose of the test rig is testing and verification of various gyroscopes that are intended for human motion analysis. The test rig will be a tool to test functionality and help in the selection process of appropriate MEMS-gyroscopes. Human movement pattern differs from mechanical motion and thus puts specific demands on the test equipment and verification procedures. The main function of the test rig is to rotate the gyroscope and measure the precision in the sensor signal response in different situations. This includes detection of different movement patterns and performances in different environment conditions (e.g. temperature, vibrations, etc). Several components can be tested at the same time in the test rig. Among the things that can be evaluated is the performance of the components, comparisons between different individual components or batches, aging processes of components and verification of the component performance for comparison of the specifications from the manufacturer. There are several different pre-programmed test-programs available but the test rig can also be manually operated. The data from the tests are stored and can be analyzed and processed afterwards.

National Category
Control Engineering
Research subject
Electronics
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-12295 (URN)10.1007/978-3-642-21683-1_51 (DOI)000308452500050 ()2-s2.0-79959921733 (Scopus ID)9783642216824 (ISBN)
Conference
Nordic Baltic conference on Biomedical Engineering and Medical Physics NBC15, AAlborg, June 14-17, 2011, Denmark (Accepted)
Available from: 2011-05-21 Created: 2011-05-21 Last updated: 2018-08-10Bibliographically approved
4. A gyro sensor based computer mouse with a USB interface: A technical aid for motor-disabled people
Open this publication in new window or tab >>A gyro sensor based computer mouse with a USB interface: A technical aid for motor-disabled people
2012 (English)In: Technology and disability, ISSN 1055-4181, Vol. 24, no 2, p. 117-127Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

The aim of this study was to develop an alternative computer mouse for disabled persons. The mouse developed is a flexible input device with a multi-click function, which can be attached to a selectable body part (eg head, arm, foot). The mouse has a MEMS-gyroscope as the motion sensor, which is both small and sensitive. A USB-interface with a HID-profile is used to make the installation easy, "plug & play", and to make it compatible for use on any modern computer, independent of the operating system (Windows, Linux, Mac etc.). The structure is modular to achieve a flexible functionality. The mouse has individually adapted click-functions with selectable click devices, in addition to which, it is possible to define individual settings of the mouse parameters. The functionality can be extended by adding further personal settings, thereby programming the mouse for individual optimal performance. The result is a reliable and useful computer mouse for people with disabilities. In the development process, 23 users have been interviewed, three of whom participated in a 6 month long-term test. The study shows that a computer mouse incorporating a MEMS-gyroscope is a good, flexible solution, providing a high performance technical aid with extremely good sensitivity at a modest cost.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
IOS Press, 2012
Keywords
Assistive technology, computer mouse, input device, MEMS-gyroscope, human-computer interface, motor disabled, motor impairment
National Category
Control Engineering Engineering and Technology
Research subject
Electronics; Electronics
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-12298 (URN)10.3233/TAD-2012-0340 (DOI)2-s2.0-84862555254 (Scopus ID)
Projects
NovaMedTech
Available from: 2011-05-22 Created: 2011-05-22 Last updated: 2016-01-11Bibliographically approved

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