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Vad innebär det att förstå något och hur genomförs undervisning som leder till förståelse? Författarna redovisar här insikter från ett projekt där de undersöker effekten av retrieval practice, även kallat testbaserat lärande.

The aim of the study was to explore teacher support to students’ mathematicalreasoning when they retrieve and use prior knowledge to learn new mathematicalcontent. Two lessons were designed, one with the purpose to engage students inretrieving prior knowledge of angles and shares, and the following to learn how toconstruct pie-charts. The teacher’s interactions with students were recorded and theresult showed that the teacher could support students’ reasoning by showing inte-rest in their thinking and asking challenging questions regarding clarification andjustification of their mathematical reasoning.

This article presents a case study of a student-teacher’s change in classroom interactional practices as she engages in video-enhanced reflections and collaborative feedback encounters during her practicum in Sweden. We specifically focus on an interactional practice that can be observed in many classrooms: teachers’ use of (overt) negative evaluation (i.e. ‘No!’) that immediately follows learners’ incorrect answers. Using discursive timeline analysis (DTA), which is a combination of Conversation Analysis and Interactional Ethnography, we track the use of the focal interactional phenomenon across (1) video-recorded classroom interactions, (2) audio-recorded triadic post observation conferences, (3) student-teacher portfolios, and (4) interviews. We demonstrate that after getting video-based feedback with a video-tagging tool (i.e. VEO) and reflecting on her overuse of (overt) negative evaluation, the focal student-teacher avoids this interactional practice in her future teaching. As the analysis illustrates, this change of practice is possible thanks to data-led reflections and the evidence-based feedback that the student-teacher received. Our analysis therefore shows that reflection and feedback with a mobile video-tagging tool can facilitate increased awareness of classroom interactional practices. We argue that digitally enhanced, video-based reflections can promote teacher-learning in teacher education programmes and that using discursive timeline analysis can provide rich insights into these processes.

This study contributes to previous research on collaborative approaches to instruction in mathematics. The study focuses on the relationships between the type of talk in groups and individual students' combinatorial thinking. Four case studies of mixed-attainment groups of middle-school students working with mathematical problem solving in combinatorics were conducted. Videorecordings of dyad and group work, as well as interviews with four students (one per group), were analyzed. The results reveal how affordances and constraints in different types of talk (exploratory, cumulative, disputational talk) in mixed-attainment groups can contribute to individual students' combinatorial thinking. The results highlight the interconnectedness of collective and individual reasoning in combinatorics, emphasizing the role of quality of group talk.

An important aspect of reform-based mathematics teaching is how students’ errors are handled in the classroom. This study aims to investigate the relation between mathematics teachers’ beliefs, mathematical knowledge for teaching (MKT) and error-handling practices in the classroom. Using an abductive approach based on 51 lessons with 12 teachers in Grades 4–6, we analysed 469 episodes containing error-handling practices. Patterns in the 12 teachers’ error-handling practices were found in relation to their MKT and belief profiles. The most important dimension in the patterns found is that teachers’ MKT seems to determine their possibilities to act according to their beliefs. That is, the results of the study show that high MKT makes it possible to handle students’ errors in accordance with the teacher’s beliefs (regardless of whether or not they hold more reform-oriented beliefs), while lower MKT seems to constrain their possibilities to explain and discuss students’ errors in conceptually grounded ways and act in reform-based ways.

I detta kapitel fokuserar vi på lärares professionella utveckling som en konsekvens av att 1) sesig själva på video när de undervisar och 2) tillsammans med erfarna lärare reflektera över hurde agerar i klassrumsinteraktion. Utgångspunkten i kapitlet är tanken att struktureradreflektion och återkoppling där digitala verktyg används som utgångspunkt för reflektionenhar potential att bidra till ett förändrat handlande hos lärare. Detta kan förstås som lärande irelation till lärares egen klassrumspraktik. Kapitlets kontext är blivande lärares klassrum inomverksamhetsförlagd utbildning (VFU), men dess innehåll går att knyta an till allaundervisningskontexter där lärare och elever interagerar med varandra och där reflektion är encentral del av lärares lärande.

There is an increasing movement in education towards closer collaboration between researchers and practitioners and research-practice partnerships (RPPs) are seen as one promising approach. However, some challenges still exist. To work in a new collaborative context such as RPPs, researchers and practitioners must adjust their roles in relation to each other. To better inform this movement, we conducted a systematic literature review of 80 articles investigating what roles researchers and practitioners are described to assume in RPPs. The results demonstrate eight different roles for researchers and practitioners, respectively, which reflect variations in both the main processes and tasks for school improvement in RPPs, as well as how these tasks are divided between the participants. Further, based on how tasks are distributed, the different roles provide varying opportunities to pursue a democratisation of evidence.

Multiple studies have been conducted regarding teachers’ error-handling practices, and how errors can be treated as opportunities for learning, albeit in the context of whole-class discussions. The aim of the present research is to continue to investigate teachers’ error-handling practices as they occur in different phases of maths lessons: introduction of the task, when students are working alone, and when students are working in pairs and finally, as part of the whole-class discussion. The study included 51 lessons from twelve teachers. A cross-case analysis was made across the individual teacher cases to look for similarities and differences between different teachers’ error-handling practices across the lesson phases in order to create teaching profiles with similar handling of student errors across the lesson phases. Five error-handling teaching profiles were identified; correcting errors throughout all phases, correcting errors during students’ work while few errors are brought up in whole class, correcting errors during students’ work while using a variety of practices in whole class, ignoring errors while using some of them in whole class, and discussing and explaining errors.

Research‐practice partnerships (RPPs) have drawn a great deal of attention as promising structures for bringing educational research and practice closer together. However, promising as RPPs may be, challenges still exist and there have been calls for studies investigating how research can be used within RPPs, and how to include practitioners more in the generation of research evidence. We address these calls by conducting a systematic review of the research literature on RPPs. Our review of 57 articles shows that research is used in various ways to inform both the methods and content for facilitating school improvement in RPPs. For instance, research on effective PD can be directly applied to a Professional Development (PD) programme to inform the methods of the intervention, or research findings can be used as the content of an intervention to facilitate teacher learning. Moreover, the results suggest that the type of research used to inform RPPs affects the kinds of opportunities for research use that are presented to practitioners; ranging from applying research directly to practice (instrumental use), to using research to extend understanding (conceptual use), or using research methods and methodologies in order to increase practitioners’ capacity for improving education (process use). Based on the results, we argue that the presented opportunities for research use in interventions strongly affect teachers’ opportunities to participate in the generation of research evidence and thereby achieve a more democratised evidence system.